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切軸流式雙滾筒大豆種子脫粒機設(shè)計與試驗
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51075284)和高等學(xué)校博士學(xué)科點專項科研基金項目(200801570007)


Design and Test on Soybean Seed Thresher with Tangential-axial Flow Double-roller
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    摘要:

    為解決大豆種子脫粒損傷率高和脫凈率低的矛盾,,提出了釘齒式副滾筒切流預(yù)脫,、弓齒與釘齒相間組合排列的主滾筒軸流脫粒、切軸流式雙滾筒組合脫粒方案,,進行了脫粒關(guān)鍵部件結(jié)構(gòu)與參數(shù)設(shè)計,采用直徑較小而短的副滾筒完成大豆植株的打擊,、抓取和拖帶等切流預(yù)脫,,主脫粒滾筒與副滾筒同向等速且軸向長度和直徑均較大,由弓齒與釘齒組合而成,,進行大豆的軸流脫粒,;設(shè)計了樣機并進行了脫粒性能試驗。采用二次回歸正交旋轉(zhuǎn)中心組合優(yōu)化試驗方法,,分別建立大豆脫粒損傷率,、未脫凈率與喂入量、主滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速和主滾筒脫粒間隙關(guān)系的回歸數(shù)學(xué)模型,,利用Design-Expert 8.0軟件對該模型進行優(yōu)化求解得到最佳參數(shù)組合,,試驗結(jié)果表明:在大豆籽粒含水率為17%~19%、秸稈含水率為12%~15%,、大豆草谷比1.275條件下,,當(dāng)喂入量為044kg/s、主滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速為489r/min,、主滾筒脫粒間隙為25.06mm時,,大豆脫粒損傷率為1.18%、未脫凈率為0.65%,;與傳統(tǒng)大豆脫粒機相比可使脫粒損傷率和未脫凈率分別降低0.22個百分點和0.38個百分點,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming to probe new principle and parts of soybean seed thresher and solve the conflict between high seed damage and no-threshed rate during threshing, a new soybean seed thresher with tangential-axial flow double-roller was designed based on the new threshing principle and structure. From the overall structure, the threshing device was designed, which was composed of a couple of primary and secondary threshing rollers with different diameters, lengths, concave screen and transmission system. The double rollers of the thresher were configured by tangential-axial flow form. Compared with the traditional threshing ways with single threshing, the new soybean thresher was combined several threshing principles and two rollers with two kinds of threshing parts, the secondary threshing roller consisted of spike teeth was used as pre-thresh of soybean plants, and the primary threshing roller consisted of bow-spike teeth, which threshed and separated most of the plants in the axial threshing space. The double-roller operated with different linear velocities which realized the ordered feeding and fast grabbing of soybean plants. In order to check and find the optimal structure and parameters of the soybean seed thresher, performance test of the thresher was conducted under the condition that the moisture content of soybean seed was 17%~19%, the moisture content of soybean straw was 12%~15% and the straw-grain ratio was 1.275. Three parameters, including feeding quantity, rotating speed of double-roller and concave clearance were selected as input variables and the damage rate and un-threshed rate as output parameter. Meanwhile, a drastic orthogonal rotary regressive experimental design was employed to develop the second order polynomial regression models, which explained the relationship between the input and output parameters, and then the main parameters of the thresher was optimized through Design-Expert 8.0 software. Experimental results showed that feeding quantify, rotating speed of double-roller and concave clearance had an effect on the damage rate and un-threshed rate, and the rotating speed of double-roller was the most important influence element among the three. Optimization analysis indicated that the most optimum combination was the feeding quantity of 0.44kg/s, the rotating speed of double-roller of 489r/min and the concave clearance of 25.06mm, and the damage rate was 1.18% and the un-threshed rate was 0.65%. Compared with the traditional soybean threshing machine, it can make the damage rate and un-threshed rate decreased by 0.22 percentage points and 0.38 percentage points, respectively.

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楊德旭,姜德龍,沈永哲,高連興,萬麗,王京.切軸流式雙滾筒大豆種子脫粒機設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2017,48(9):102-110. YANG Dexu, JIANG Delong, SHEN Yongzhe, GAO Lianxing, WAN Li, WANG Jing. Design and Test on Soybean Seed Thresher with Tangential-axial Flow Double-roller[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(9):102-110.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-01-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-09-10
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