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大載荷植保無人直升機噴霧氣液兩相流動數(shù)值模擬
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江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新資金項目(CX(15)1038)


Numerical Simulation on Gas-liquid Phase Flow of Large-scale Plant Protection Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Spraying
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    摘要:

    為研究大載荷植保無人直升機噴霧流場特性,基于FR-200型大載荷植保無人直升機噴灑系統(tǒng),,建立FR-200型大載荷植保無人直升機無植物冠層三維霧滴沉降仿真模擬平臺,,利用Fluent軟件的SST k-ω湍流模型和DPM離散相模型對無人直升機噴霧沉降過程進(jìn)行了仿真模擬,,分別研究了飛行速度,、噴桿相對位置,、噴施角度對噴霧流場的影響,,并進(jìn)行戶外試驗驗證,。試驗結(jié)果表明,下洗流場垂直方向速度(Z向)呈不對稱分布,,旋翼x/R為0.8處垂直方向速度(Z向)最大,;仿真模擬的霧滴沉積總量與戶外試驗的霧滴沉積密度基本一致,線性決定系數(shù)R2為0.9996,,無人直升機前飛速度與霧滴群抗飄移系數(shù)及沉積量呈線性關(guān)系,,前飛速度3m/s時,靶標(biāo)上霧滴總沉積密度為4.208μL/cm2,,前飛速度5m/s時,,靶標(biāo)上霧滴總沉積密度為1.766μL/cm2;隨著采樣面的升高,,霧滴群抗飄移性能增強,;位于噴桿不同位置處噴頭的抗飄移性能不同,主要表現(xiàn)在位于噴桿兩端的噴頭1和9受到旋翼尾渦的影響,,霧滴群抗飄移性能變差,,機身正下方的噴頭5由于機身阻擋作用,造成霧滴群分散性增加,,霧滴因垂直方向動能衰減而難以到達(dá)采樣面,;噴施角度越小,霧滴群總體抗飄移性能越好,。

    Abstract:

    In order to study the spray flow filed characteristic of large-scale plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), based on the spray system of FR-200 large-scale plant protection UAV, the simulation platform of depositing spray droplets without plant canopy was established. The SST k-ω turbulence model and the DPM discrete phase model were adopted to simulate the deposition process of UAV spray droplets. By means of numerical Fluent simulation software, the flight speed, spray boom relative position and spraying angle impact on the spray flow field were studied,,field test was done to verify the results of simulation. The vertical velocity distribution of FR-200 UAV downwash flow field was unsymmetrical. The UAV speed had linear relationships with both the droplet swarm anti-drift coefficient and deposition, the total amount of the target droplets deposition density were 4.208μL/cm2 when flying speed was 3m/s, the total amount of the target droplets deposition density were 1.766μL/cm2 when flying speed was 5m/s. The anti-drift coefficient was 87.5%, 93.0% and 96.4% at sampling plane height of 0m, 0.5m and 1.0m when flying speed was 4m/s, respectively. With the increase of sample surface height, the anti-drift performance of droplets was promoted. The drift phenomenon of nozzles was serious which was installed on both sides of the spray boom. The nozzles were affected by the trailing vortex which caused the droplets drift. The rotor downwash flow increased spray droplets initial kinetic energy, the spray droplets acceleration was caused by gravity and downwash flow. The dispersion of number 5 nozzle spray droplets was increased due to the blocking effect, and it was hard to reach the sample surface due to the vertical kinetic energy attenuation of droplets. The smaller the spraying angle was, the stronger the droplets total anti-drift performance became.

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王軍鋒,徐文彬,聞建龍,王曉英,羅博韜.大載荷植保無人直升機噴霧氣液兩相流動數(shù)值模擬[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2017,48(9):62-69. WANG Junfeng, XU Wenbin, WEN Jianlong, WANG Xiaoying, LUO Botao. Numerical Simulation on Gas-liquid Phase Flow of Large-scale Plant Protection Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Spraying[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(9):62-69.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-11-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-09-10
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