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超聲波與添加醇和乳化劑乳化提質(zhì)熱解生物油研究
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廣東省科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016A020210073),、國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(51576071)和華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)青年基金項(xiàng)目


Upgrading of Bio-oil and Its Heavy Composition by Using Emulsification
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    摘要:

    生物油是生物質(zhì)通過(guò)熱解獲得的液體產(chǎn)物,,因其可替代傳統(tǒng)化石燃料而具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景,。因粗制的生物油存在熱值低,、氧含量高,、粘度大等不足,,通過(guò)添加乳化劑和醇,,同時(shí)結(jié)合超聲波技術(shù)對(duì)油茶殼熱解生物油進(jìn)行提質(zhì)改性研究。分別從超聲波功率,、超聲波作用時(shí)間,、添加醇的種類(lèi)和含量等方面對(duì)生物油及其重質(zhì)組分乳化提質(zhì)開(kāi)展研究。結(jié)果表明:加入醇類(lèi)物質(zhì)并結(jié)合超聲波技術(shù)能有效降低生物油粘度,,并提高其穩(wěn)定性和熱值,。乳化液粘度隨超聲波作用時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)或超聲波的功率增加均呈現(xiàn)先升高后降低再升高的趨勢(shì)。乳化助劑的添加在醇添加量較低的情況下,,可有效增加乳化液的穩(wěn)定性,。重質(zhì)油與醇乳化后的乳化液穩(wěn)定性好,乳化液的熱解曲線明顯向低溫區(qū)偏移,。甲醇與生物油以3∶1進(jìn)行乳化后,,生物油粘度由32.47mm2/s下降到1.73mm2/s,,熱值由15.21MJ/kg提高到19.43MJ/kg,pH值由2.7提高到4.5,,整體性質(zhì)改善明顯,。

    Abstract:

    Bio-oil which derivates from fast pyrolysis of biomass is a promising product for replacing the traditional fossil oil. Bio-oil with high oxygen, high viscosity, strong acid, low heat value and poor thermal stability is not beneficial to the industry application. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the quality of bio-oil. The technology of ultrasonic emulsification and additives was used to improve the stability and decrease the oxygen content. The influence of ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time, the kinds of alcohol and the ratio of alcohol on the improvement of bio-oil quality was investigated. The result showed that the stability and heat value can be effectively improved when adding alcohol or using ultrasonic emulsification appropriately. With the increase of ultrasonic time or the ultrasonic power, the viscosity was increased first and then increased after a decreasing. When the content of alcohol was not enough, the addition of emulsification auxiliaries could improve the stability of the emulsification liquid effectively. Heavy oil combined with alcohol showed a better stability, and the TG curve was significantly shifted to lower temperature zone. The results of TG curve of emulsified heavy oil and alcohol showed that methanol and ethanol were more conducive to the heavy oil in polymer or oligomer ester alcoholysis. When the ratio of additional methanol to bio-oil was 3∶1, the viscosity was decreased from 32.47mm2/s to 1.73mm2/s and calorific value was increased from 15.21MJ/kg to 19.43MJ/kg, the quality of the emulsified oil was improved significantly. With the increase of carbon chain, the caloric value of bio-oil was increased gradually. And there was no obvious delamination in the mixture and the viscosity was decreased. The ultrasonic time and ultrasonic power had significant influence on the physicochemical properties of the emulsion, when n-butanol and heavy oil were mixed by 1∶1, the viscosity of heavy oil emulsion was effectively reduced after ultrasonic treatment for 10min under 150W. Under the condition of low alcohol content, the emulsifier can effectively increase the stability of emulsion.

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許細(xì)薇,李治宇,莊文俞,孫焱,蔣恩臣.超聲波與添加醇和乳化劑乳化提質(zhì)熱解生物油研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(5):320-326,,274. XU Xiwei, LI Zhiyu, ZHUANG Wenyu, SUN Yan, JIANG Enchen. Upgrading of Bio-oil and Its Heavy Composition by Using Emulsification[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(5):320-326,,274.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-08-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-05-10
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