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植保無人機動態(tài)變量施藥系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗
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“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃項目(2015BAD23B02)、國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(31301232),、國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計劃(863計劃)項目(2012AA041507)和高等學(xué)校博士學(xué)科點專項科研基金項目(20130008120020)


Design and Test of Dynamic Variable Spraying System of Plant Protection UAV
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    摘要:

    針對我國植保無人機施藥系統(tǒng)控制方式單一,,施藥流量無法根據(jù)飛行參數(shù)自動調(diào)整造成的霧滴分布不均勻,、重噴,、漏噴等問題,,設(shè)計了基于ARM架構(gòu)單片機的施藥控制系統(tǒng),,提出基于PWM(脈寬調(diào)制)的施藥流量控制方法,,采用多傳感器融合技術(shù),實現(xiàn)施藥參數(shù)的實時動態(tài)監(jiān)測,。設(shè)計了基于LabVIEW的地面站控制軟件,,實現(xiàn)對施藥系統(tǒng)的遠程控制和作業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)存儲?;?CD—15型單旋翼無人機平臺對動態(tài)變量施藥系統(tǒng)實際作業(yè)性能及施藥效果進行了測試,。試驗結(jié)果表明,在飛行速度為0.8~5.8m/s時,,該動態(tài)變量施藥系統(tǒng)可實現(xiàn)施藥流量與飛行速度自動匹配,,實際流量與理論流量之間平均偏差為1.9%,實際施藥作業(yè)優(yōu)選飛行速度為3.91~5.10m/s,,此時有效噴幅為5m,,霧滴覆蓋密度為18~41個/cm2,變異系數(shù)為34%~75%,,霧滴沉積量為42.1~52.4μg/cm2,。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the droplet distribution uniformity and avoid repeating and missing spraying, a spraying flow control method based on pulse width modulation (PWM) was designed, and based on the MCU of STM32F407VET6, a dynamic variable spraying system fused with multi-sensor was developed. Spraying system was controlled remotely and spraying parameters were detected and saved by ground measurement and control software which was developed by LabVIEW. The tests based on reality field environment were carried out under the condition of different flying speeds to test actual operation performance and spraying effect of dynamic variable spraying system of plant protection UAV. Operation performance was reflected by deviation between practical and theoretical flows. Practical flow of micro diaphragm pump was detected by a flow sensor and theoretical flow was calculated by a derivation formula. Spraying effect was characterized by droplet deposition, which was collected by water sensitive papers and polyester films at targeted flying speed of 1.0m/s, 2.0m/s, 3.0m/s, 4.0m/s and 5.0m/s. Rhodamine-B water solution with concentration of 0.1% was used as a substitute for pesticides in the tests. Concentration of Rhodamine-B was measured by fluorescence intensity protractor, droplet coverage density and distribution uniformity were identified through image processing. The results showed that when flying speed was changed from 0.8m/s to 5.8m/s, spraying flow was able to match the speed accurately based on the spraying system and control method, and average deviation between practical and theoretical flows was 1.9%. The optimum flying speed of spraying operation based on 3CD—15 plant protection UAV was 3.91~5.10m/s, during the variation range of speed, the effective sprinkling width was 5m, droplet coverage density was 18~41 per square centimeter, coefficient of variation was 34%~75%, droplet deposition was 42.1~52.4μg/cm2. The research result provided method for optimization of flying speed and also theoretical support to improve the quality of aviation operations.

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王大帥,張俊雄,李偉,熊斌,張順路,張文強.植保無人機動態(tài)變量施藥系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2017,48(5):86-93. WANG Dashuai, ZHANG Junxiong, LI Wei, XIONG Bin, ZHANG Shunlu, ZHANG Wenqiang. Design and Test of Dynamic Variable Spraying System of Plant Protection UAV[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(5):86-93.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-08-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-05-10
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