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水稻根茬-土壤復(fù)合體剪切特性試驗
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公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(201203059),、廣東省科技計劃支撐項目(2015A020208016)和國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0200606)


Shear Characteristics of Rice Root—Soil Composite
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    摘要:

    為了降低稻茬地少耕免耕過程中的阻力,,提高作業(yè)質(zhì)量,,同時為破茬開溝裝置提供設(shè)計依據(jù),,采用自制的剪切試驗裝置在萬能材料試驗機上對水稻根茬-土壤復(fù)合體進行了剪切試驗,,對根茬-土壤復(fù)合體含水率,、土壤容重,、根茬-土壤復(fù)合體的當(dāng)量直徑,、剪切位置、剪切速度,、切刃刃角,、切刀刃口形狀7個因素進行了單因素試驗。在單因素試驗的基礎(chǔ)上選取根茬-土壤復(fù)合體含水率,、剪切速度,、切刃刃角3個因素進行了正交試驗。單因素試驗結(jié)果顯示:極限剪切應(yīng)力與復(fù)合體的含水率呈二次多項式函數(shù)關(guān)系,,與土壤容重呈冪函數(shù)關(guān)系,,與根茬—土壤復(fù)合體直徑呈二次多項式函數(shù)關(guān)系,與剪切速度呈對數(shù)函數(shù)關(guān)系,,剪切位置距離根茬中心越遠極限剪應(yīng)力越小,,切刃刃角越小極限剪切應(yīng)力也越小,;在4種形狀的刃口切刀中,,凹圓弧切刃的極限剪切應(yīng)力最小。正交試驗結(jié)果表明:切割速度450mm/min,、含水率25%,、切刃刃角15°時,極限剪切應(yīng)力最小,。

    Abstract:

    In order to reduce the rice stubble of minimum tillage and no tillage resistance in the process, improve the quality of work, and provide basis for the design of stubble breaking ditching device, the shear experiments on the universal material testing machine was tested on rice stubble and soil complex. Soil moisture content, soil bulk density, complex stubble soil composite equivalent diameter, cutting position, cutting speed, cutting edge angle and blade shape were tested by single factor test. Based on single factor experiment, the orthogonal experiment was carried out on three factors, including soil moisture content, shear rate and cutting edge angle. The results of single factor test showed that the relationship of ultimate shear force and water complex rate was two-order polynomial function, a power function relationship with soil bulk density, a two order polynomial function relationship with stubble and soil complex diameter, logarithmic relationship with shear velocity. The ultimate shear stress was decreased with the increase of shear distance from stubble, and it was also decreased with the decrease of cutting edge angle;among the four shapes of cutter blade, the ultimate shear stress of concave arc cutting blade was the least. The results of orthogonal test showed that the ultimate shear stress was the minimum when the cutting speed was 450mm/min, the moisture content was 25% and the cutting edge angle was 15°.

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鄭樂,羅錫文,曾山,王在滿,劉春波,齊興源.水稻根茬-土壤復(fù)合體剪切特性試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2017,48(5):63-71. ZHENG Le, LUO Xiwen, ZENG Shan, WANG Zaiman, LIU Chunbo, QI Xingyuan. Shear Characteristics of Rice Root—Soil Composite[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(5):63-71.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-01-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-05-10
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