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稻麥聯(lián)合收獲開溝埋草一體機(jī)播種系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(xiàng)(201203059)


Design and Experiment of Seeding System for Harvest Ditch and Stalk-disposing Machine
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    摘要:

    目前免耕播種機(jī)多為收獲后免耕播種作業(yè),,未有將免耕播種系統(tǒng)與收獲,、秸稈還田相結(jié)合的復(fù)式機(jī)型,,為了滿足此種集成作業(yè)需要,,達(dá)到搶農(nóng)時(shí),、提高作業(yè)效率,、減少機(jī)器下地次數(shù)的目的,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種免耕播種系統(tǒng)與稻麥聯(lián)合收獲開溝埋草一體機(jī)相結(jié)合的機(jī)型,,該播種系統(tǒng)主要由排種裝置,、種溝開溝裝置,、拋土裝置構(gòu)成。性能試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:設(shè)計(jì)的小型免耕開溝器開溝深度為3.1cm,,開溝寬度為3.6m,,破茬率為83.4%;延伸板長度為12cm的拋土裝置單側(cè)拋土幅寬為105cm,,覆土厚度為2.2cm,,碎土率為97.8%,拋土均勻性為91.7%,。播種系統(tǒng)水稻旱直播田間試驗(yàn)表明:當(dāng)播種系統(tǒng)播種水稻干種,、濕種播量分別為112.5kg/hm2、135kg/hm2時(shí),,產(chǎn)量分別為6532.4,、6510.0kg/hm2,滿足一體機(jī)免耕旱直播的播種需求,。

    Abstract:

    With the aim to reach the requirement of combined work harvest with no-tillage seeding, the seeding system matching with harvest ditch and stalk-disposing machine was designed. The seeding system designed included seeding device, furrow opener and throwing soil device. The seeding system used external force feed for sowing of crop and through a set of three link mechanism controlled start-stop. Furrow opener was designed small size no-tillage opener that had arc shovel. The throwing soil device designed included guide plate and extension plate. The experimental results of furrow opener showed that furrow width was 3.1cm, furrow depth was 3.6cm and straw of broken rate was 83.4%, and the furrow opener reached requirement of ditching and breaking straw. The experimental results of designed throwing soil device showed that when length of extension board was 12cm, throwing soil width was 105cm, thickness of covering soil was 2.2cm, rate of breaking soil was 97.8% and uniformity of throwing soil was 91.7%, and throwing soil device reached requirement of seed covering. The paddy direct seeding field experiment of seeding system was done in Hongchang farm, Shengao town, Jiangyan district, Taizhou city, Jiangsu province and in the experiment the sowing in line after rotary tillage(CK1) and the traditional transplant rice seedlings(CK2) was done as control group. The experiment result showed that to dry direct-seeding of dry seed rice, the yield peak was 6532.4kg/hm2, when seeding rate was 112.5kg/hm2. To dry direct-seeding of soaking seed rice, the yield peak was 6510.0kg/hm2, when seeding rate was 135kg/hm2. The yield of paddy direct seeding field was less than that of CK1, but it had no significant difference compared with the yield of CK1. The yield of paddy direct seeding field was less than that of CK2, but the difference value of yield was within a rational range.

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秦寬,丁為民,方志超,杜濤濤,趙思琪,王朕.稻麥聯(lián)合收獲開溝埋草一體機(jī)播種系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(5):54-62. QIN Kuan, DING Weimin, FANG Zhichao, DU Taotao, ZHAO Siqi, WANG Zhen. Design and Experiment of Seeding System for Harvest Ditch and Stalk-disposing Machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(5):54-62.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-07-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-05-10
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