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非充分生態(tài)約束條件下水庫生態(tài)調(diào)度模型研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51109036),、黑龍江省教育廳科研項目(11551044)和東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)水土工程創(chuàng)新團隊項目


Reservior Ecological Operation Model under Condition of Non-sufficient Ecological Constraints
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    摘要:

    在不影響水庫原有防洪及供水目標前提下,為了降低水庫對河流生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的影響,針對部分調(diào)度模型存在調(diào)度結(jié)果滿足最小生態(tài)流量約束而不滿足適宜生態(tài)流量約束的情況,提出了以最小生態(tài)流量約束調(diào)度結(jié)果為基礎(chǔ),逐步向適宜生態(tài)流量約束靠近的非充分生態(tài)約束流量求解方法,,并引入松弛變量,建立了生態(tài)保證程度與發(fā)電量的關(guān)系,通過對比Kmin法和Kmax-1法的Tennant評價結(jié)果確定水庫生態(tài)調(diào)度的最佳平衡點,,以此作為非充分生態(tài)約束條件下的尼爾基水庫生態(tài)調(diào)度模型。結(jié)果表明,,生態(tài)流量約束值還有很大的提升空間,,不宜直接選取最小生態(tài)流量約束的調(diào)度結(jié)果作為調(diào)度方案;新的調(diào)度模型可以有效解決此類生態(tài)調(diào)度問題,給決策者提供更合理的調(diào)度方式,,6種生態(tài)約束條件下的生態(tài)保證程度分別可提高60%,、80%、40%,、60%,、70%、70%,,電量損失率僅為2.01%,、1.13%、1.28%,、1.47%,、2.16%、2.08%,。

    Abstract:

    Under the premise that targets of the reservoir’s original flood control and water supply were unaffected, in order to reduce the influence of reservoirs on river ecosystems, in allusion to the situation that the scheduling results satisfied the constraint of minimum ecological flux rather than the appropriate ecological flux, a model to solve ecological scheduling of Nierji reservoir under the condition of incomplete ecological constraints was proposed. The model was based on the scheduling results of constraints of the minimum ecological flux, the solving method of non-sufficient ecologically constrained flux approached the constraint of appropriate ecological flux step by step, and by introducing relaxation variables, the firefly algorithm (FA) was used to optimize the scheduling process which led to the establishment of the relation curve between the degree of the ecological assurance and the generated energy and the confirmation of the optimal equilibrium point under the restriction of the non-sufficient ecological flux by the Tennant evaluation through comparing the Kmin with Kmax-1 methods. The results showed that according to the non-sufficient ecological constraint flux inquired by the used model, the ecological water consumption and the minimum ecological constraints could be increased by 4.415 billion m3, 3.655 billion m3, 5.596 billion m3, 4.626 billion m3, 3.790 billion m3 and 5.481 billion m3, respectively, in the six cases when compared with low flow years and normal years. It was indicated that there was still much room for ecological flow restriction, therefore, when the scheduling results satisfied the constraint of the minimum ecological flux rather than the appropriate ecological flux, it was inappropriate to select result of the constraint of the minimum ecological flux as the scheduling scheme;according to the established relation curve and Kmax-1 method, the degree of ecological guarantee of optimal scheduling scheme under six constraints were 60%, 80%, 40%, 60%, 70% and 70%, respectively and their generated energy were corresponded to 0.60657 billion kW·h, 0.60312 billion kW·h, 0.68513 billion kW·h, 0.66796 billion kW·h, 0.59682 billion kW·h and 0.67859 billion kW·h. In conclusion, the new scheduling model could effectively solve the problem of ecological scheduling under this kind of circumstance, improve the degree of ecological assurance, ensure certain economic benefits and provide a more reasonable scheduling approach for decision-makers and new ideas for these issues.

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徐淑琴,蘇鑫,邢貞相,王莉莉,路豪杰.非充分生態(tài)約束條件下水庫生態(tài)調(diào)度模型研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2017,48(4):190-197. XU Shuqin, SU Xin, XING Zhenxiang, WANG Lili, LU Haojie. Reservior Ecological Operation Model under Condition of Non-sufficient Ecological Constraints[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(4):190-197.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-07-26
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-04-10
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