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長期咸水灌溉對小麥光合特性與土壤鹽分的影響
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“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃項目(2013BAD05B0203,、2013BAD05B0502),、農(nóng)業(yè)部公益性行業(yè)科研專項(201203030)和河北省農(nóng)林科學院高層次人才創(chuàng)新工程項目(F16E14001)


Effect of Long-term Saline Water Irrigation on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Winter Wheat and Soil Salt Content
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    摘要:

    于2013—2015年研究了不同咸水利用方式(CK,,淡水,;T1,,咸水與淡水混配為1.8g/L的混合水灌溉,;T2,,3.6g/L咸水與淡水交替灌溉,;T3,,3.6g/L咸水灌溉,;T4,無灌溉)對冬小麥光合特征及土壤鹽分的影響,。結果表明: T3和T4處理的株高,、葉面積指數(shù)、葉面積持續(xù)期,、葉綠素含量,、最大凈光合速率(Pnmax)、表觀光量子效率(φ),、暗呼吸速率(Rd) 和產(chǎn)量較淡水處理顯著下降,,且連續(xù)灌溉3.6g/L的咸水導致土壤發(fā)生積鹽,不宜連續(xù)灌溉。T1和T2 處理與CK的株高,、光合特性無顯著差異,, 土壤鹽分雖有一定積累,但未影響作物的生長,??梢? T1(咸淡混溉)和T2(咸淡水交替灌溉)處理的咸水利用方式對冬小麥生長無負調(diào)控效應。從土壤生態(tài)環(huán)境及小麥產(chǎn)量的影響角度考慮,,混灌和輪灌既能保證作物產(chǎn)量較淡水灌溉不減產(chǎn),,土壤未發(fā)生次生鹽漬化,同時節(jié)約淡水資源,。

    Abstract:

    In order to make full use of saline water resources, the impacts of different patterns (totally five treatments: CK, fresh water irrigation;T1, blended irrigation by mixing fresh water and saline water into 1.8g/L salty water;T2, rotated irrigation of 3.6g/L saline water with fresh water;T3, direct irrigation with 3.6g/L salty water and T4, no irrigation) of salty water irrigation on photosynthetic characteristics and soil salt of winter wheat were studied in 2013—2015 based on a long-term saline water irrigation experiment. The results showed that treatments T3 and T4 significantly decreased plant height, leaf area index, leaf area duration, chlorophyll content, maximum photosynthetic rate (Pnmax), apparent quantum yield (φ), dark respiration rate (Rd) and grain yield compared with fresh water irrigation (CK). Continuous irrigation with 3.6g/L salty water (T3) led to soil salt accumulation, thus it was not suitable for directly continuous irrigation of winter wheat. In comparison with CK, treatments T1 and T2 had no significant differences in plant height and photosynthetic characteristics, while there was an increasing tendency in soil salt content, the plant growth was not impacted. From the aspects of soil ecological environment and grain yield, the rotated irrigation pattern and the blended irrigation pattern of saline water utilization did not cause yield reduction and obvious soil secondary salinization, but it can save fresh water, therefore they were comparatively better ways for salty water utilization in winter wheat irrigation. The study provided an important reference for developing saline water irrigation of winter wheat.

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郭麗,鄭春蓮,曹彩云,黨紅凱,李科江,馬俊永.長期咸水灌溉對小麥光合特性與土壤鹽分的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2017,48(1):183-190. GUO Li, ZHENG Chunlian, CAO Caiyun, DANG Hongkai, LI Kejiang, MA Junyong. Effect of Long-term Saline Water Irrigation on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Winter Wheat and Soil Salt Content[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(1):183-190.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-05-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-01-10
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