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離心泵瞬態(tài)模擬中滑移界面形狀和位置研究
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國家自然科學基金項目(51321001、51139007)和“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃項目(2015BAD20B01)


Shape and Position of Sliding Interface for Transient Flow Simulation of Centrifugal Pump
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    摘要:

    滑移網(wǎng)格法是分析離心泵瞬態(tài)流場的最主要方法,其中滑移界面形狀和位置的選取方式對流場計算結(jié)果有直接影響,而目前對如何選取離心泵滑移界面并無統(tǒng)一的看法,。以一臺離心泵為研究對象,,采用5種不同的滑移界面方案分別對水泵流場進行瞬態(tài)模擬,,對比不同工況下的外特性,、基本流態(tài)和隔舌處壓力脈動特性等,。研究表明,,方案I(緊貼葉輪的短一字形滑移界面)和方案Ⅴ(環(huán)繞葉輪的倒U字形滑移界面)的水泵效率平均計算誤差均在1%左右,,且兩者在軸面流態(tài)和蝸殼進口的速度分布上均與實際情況吻合良好,而方案Ⅴ更能突出泵腔流體流速的梯度變化,,且在隔舌處的壓力脈動特性方面最符合已有研究結(jié)果,。方案Ⅲ(緊貼葉輪的長一字形滑移界面)和方案Ⅳ(緊貼基圓的長一字形滑移界面)均將整個泵腔設(shè)為旋轉(zhuǎn)域,水泵效率計算誤差達5.2%和9.2%,,且兩者的軸面流態(tài)也明顯有悖于已有研究結(jié)論,。方案Ⅳ和方案Ⅱ(緊貼基圓的短一字形滑移界面)均將旋轉(zhuǎn)域緊貼隔舌,導致隔舌對液流的切割作用被放大,,表現(xiàn)為隔舌處的進口流速嚴重下降,。綜合分析表明,直接將泵腔設(shè)為旋轉(zhuǎn)域和將滑移界面緊貼隔舌的做法均會使模擬結(jié)果有較大偏差,,推薦將滑移界面取為環(huán)繞葉輪的倒U字形,,該方式能在保證模擬精度的同時反映最真實的流動特性。

    Abstract:

    Sliding mesh method is one of the most important methods for analyzing transient rotor-stator coupling of centrifugal pump. The shape and position of sliding mesh interface have direct impacts on the calculation results of transient flow field. However, until now there was no uniform view on how to select the sliding mesh interface. A centrifugal pump was taken as study object. Five different sliding mesh interface schemes were used to simulate the transient flow field. Results showed that the average simulation errors of pump efficiencies for scheme I (i.e., the short line-shaped interface close to impeller outlet) and scheme V (i.e., the inverted U-shaped interface surrounding impeller) were both about 1%. The streamlines in meridian plane and velocities in volute inlet for both schemes were in line with existed experimental results. Specially, the scheme V can give more reasonable gradient of velocity in pump chamber, and gain right results of pressure fluctuation in tongue area. Both scheme Ⅲ (i.e., the long line-shaped interface close to impeller outlet) and scheme Ⅳ (i.e., the long line-shaped interface close to base circle of spiral casing) set the pump chamber to a rotating domain, and gave the simulation errors of pump efficiency as 5.2% and 9.2%, respectively, which also resulted in incorrect streamlines in meridian plane. Both scheme Ⅳ and scheme Ⅱ (i.e., the short line-shaped interface close to base circle of volute casing) set the rotating domain close to tongue, and caused shearing action of tongue to be enlarged. The inlet velocities in tongue area were decreased seriously. In summary, the schemes that made the entire pump chamber into rotating domain or made the interface close to the tongue would make the simulation results unreasonable. The scheme taking the inverted U-shaped interface surrounding impeller as interface was suggested. This scheme can guarantee the simulation accuracy and reflect the real characteristics of the flow field.

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王超越,王福軍.離心泵瞬態(tài)模擬中滑移界面形狀和位置研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2017,48(1):81-88. WANG Chaoyue, WANG Fujun. Shape and Position of Sliding Interface for Transient Flow Simulation of Centrifugal Pump[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(1):81-88.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-09-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-01-10
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