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玉米勺式排種器變速補種系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗
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“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃項目(2012BAD14B06)


Design of Reseed Shift Speed System of Scoop-type Metering Device of Corn
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    摘要:

    針對玉米勺式排種器出現(xiàn)的漏播問題,設(shè)計了一種變速補種系統(tǒng),,該系統(tǒng)采用光電傳感器在偏離出種口20°位置進(jìn)行提前檢測,,漏播發(fā)生時由步進(jìn)電動機(jī)改變排種器轉(zhuǎn)速越過空種槽達(dá)到實時補種的目的,。為了使變速補種系統(tǒng)具有通用性,,選取具有一定代表性的玉米籽粒外形形狀品種:久龍5號(球形)、九單57(錐形)和鄭單958(矩形),,以不同轉(zhuǎn)速作為試驗因素,,運用EDEM軟件和排種器性能試驗臺進(jìn)行排種性能研究。仿真結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)速不超過23.1r/min時,,排種性能受變速影響不超過2%,,在轉(zhuǎn)速達(dá)到27.7r/min時,變速種子抖落現(xiàn)象明顯,;在轉(zhuǎn)速達(dá)到32.3r/min時,,變速時種子會出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的抖落現(xiàn)象;試驗結(jié)果表明:具有變速補種系統(tǒng)的勺式排種器轉(zhuǎn)速處于13.9~23.1r/min時,,漏播率不超過1.4%,,平均補種率達(dá)到89.95%,播種率達(dá)到98.7%,。在轉(zhuǎn)速為27.7r/min時,,比不具有變速補種系統(tǒng)的勺式排種器漏播指數(shù)降低10.4%,補種效果最為顯著,,在轉(zhuǎn)速達(dá)到32.3r/min時,,補種效果不顯著;3種玉米品種的排種性能優(yōu)劣次序為:球形,、矩形,、錐形。

    Abstract:

    Aiming to solve the problem of leakage webcasting for corn seedmeter, a reseed shift speed system was designed, which used photoelectric sensor to early detect at the position deviated from the kinds of ports by 20°, and a stepping motor changed seedmeter when leakage occurred sowing speed over the empty slot to achieve real replant seed purposes. In order to make the shift to replant system have the versatility, specifically representative corn grain appearance shape varieties were selected, including Jiulong No.5 (spherical), Jiudan No.57 (cone) and Zhengdan No.958 (rectangle). Taking different speeds as test factors, the seeding performance was studied by using of EDEM software and seeding performance test bed, simulation results showed that when the speed was not exceeded 23.1r/min, the impact of speed shifting on seeding performance was not more than 2%, when the rotational speed reached 32.3r/min, serious shaking phenomenon of seed would happen. Test results showed that the scoop-type replant seed metering systems equipped with variable speed when the rotation speed was 13.9~23.1r/min, drain sowing rate was not exceeded 1.4%, the average replant rate was 89.95%, seeding rate reached 98.7%;at the speed of 27.7r/min, compared with the original scoop-style metering, its row seed sowing leakage index was decreased by 10.4%, the effect of replanting was the most obvious;when the speed reached 32.3r/min, the effect of replanting was not obvious;the seeding performance of three corn varieties showed a decreasing trend of spherical, rectangular and cone.

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趙淑紅,周勇,劉宏俊,譚賀文,張先民,楊悅乾.玉米勺式排種器變速補種系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2016,47(12):38-44. Zhao Shuhong, Zhou Yong, Liu Hongjun, Tan Hewen, Zhang Xianmin, Yang Yueqian. Design of Reseed Shift Speed System of Scoop-type Metering Device of Corn[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(12):38-44.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-05-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-12-10
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