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基于近等速機構(gòu)的玉米全膜雙壟溝穴播機設計與試驗
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國家自然科學基金項目(51405086)、甘肅省青年科技基金計劃項目(1506RJYA020)和甘肅省科技重大專項計劃項目


Design and Experiment of Hill-seeder with Whole Plastic-film Mulching on Double Ridges for Corn Based on Mechanism with Approximate Constant Speed
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    摘要:

    針對傳統(tǒng)膜上播種機具作業(yè)存在的撕膜、挑膜、穴孔錯位等問題,通過應用轉(zhuǎn)動導桿機構(gòu)與正弦機構(gòu)進行串聯(lián),結(jié)合強排播種機構(gòu)、直插播種裝置及排種系統(tǒng),設計了基于近等速機構(gòu)的玉米全膜雙壟溝直插式電動穴播機,并對其關鍵部件結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進行了設計。田間試驗表明,通過近等速補償機構(gòu)與放大機構(gòu)相配合,對直插播種裝置進行控制、協(xié)調(diào),實現(xiàn)了成穴器位于播種段與出土段的水平分速為零,穴孔布置及播種作業(yè)運動軌跡合理;強排播種機構(gòu)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)成穴器扎入覆膜種床后的準確開啟投種、快速閉合,可有效緩解膜下播種多粒、空穴與成穴器堵塞問題。作業(yè)機田間播種性能試驗指標均達到了國家相關作業(yè)質(zhì)量評價技術(shù)規(guī)范要求,與一代樣機作業(yè)性能相比有較大改進與提升,符合玉米全膜覆蓋雙壟溝播的農(nóng)藝技術(shù)要求。

    Abstract:

    The furrow sowing with whole plasticfilm mulching on double ridges was widely used in the arid region of northwest China, because it could resist drought and increase production. So the mechanical plowing and filming on seedbed was an inevitable trend in farming. With aim to solve these problems about picked film, tore film and kind of holes with seedlings dislocation which were caused by the traditional film seeding machine, an electric direct insert hillseeder was designed based on the mechanism with approximate constant speed with corn whole plasticfilm mulching on double ridges. The electric direct insert hillseeder was designed by applying the rotating guide rod mechanism in series with the sine institutions and forced seeding mechanism, direct insert sowing mechanism and feeding system. And the structural parameters of its key parts were analyzed. Field experiment showed that through the mechanism with approximate constant speed to match the amplification mechanism, can control and coordinate the direct insert sowing mechanism. It achieved that the holeformer horizontal velocity component was zero in sowing period and excavating period, the planting distance could be adjusted within a certain range, and the arrangement of the soil hole and the holeformer motion trajectory were all reasonable. It adopted forced seeding mechanism to control the holeformer precision opening and rapid closing in fixedpoint, which could effectively alleviate more seed, positive hole and the hillseeder blocking under the plasticfilm. The operation machine field planting performance test related indicators were up to the relevant work quality evaluation specification requirements, and compared with the generation of prototype work performance had greater improvement and upgrading, which was to meet the requirements of agronomic techniques of dryland corn furrow seeder with whole plasticfilm mulching on double ridges.

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戴飛,趙武云,石林榕,唐學鵬,王久鑫,劉小龍.基于近等速機構(gòu)的玉米全膜雙壟溝穴播機設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2016,47(11):74-81. Dai Fei, Zhao Wuyun, Shi Linrong, Tang Xuepeng, Wang Jiuxin, Liu Xiaolong. Design and Experiment of Hill-seeder with Whole Plastic-film Mulching on Double Ridges for Corn Based on Mechanism with Approximate Constant Speed[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(11):74-81.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-11-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-11-10
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