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黃土丘陵區(qū)不同草被類型土壤細溝可蝕性季節(jié)變化研究
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國家自然科學基金項目(41171423,、41371497),、陜西省教育廳重點實驗室項目(2009JS071)和寶雞文理學院重點科研項目 (ZK15052、ZK1054)


Seasonal Variations of Soil Rill Erodibility under Different Types of Grass in Loess Hilly Region
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    摘要:

    運用坡面徑流沖刷試驗,,結(jié)合土壤侵蝕過程WEPP模型,,研究了黃土丘陵區(qū)賴草和紫花苜蓿生長季土壤細溝可蝕性的季節(jié)變化特征及其影響因素,。結(jié)果表明,,賴草地的土壤細溝可蝕性在整個生長季呈現(xiàn)出先升高后降低再升高的不明顯的季節(jié)變化趨勢(p>0.05),,紫花苜蓿地土壤細溝可蝕性在整個生長季呈現(xiàn)出先降低后趨于穩(wěn)定再降低的明顯的季節(jié)變化趨勢(p<0.05),。賴草地和紫花苜蓿地土壤細溝可蝕性生長季的變化主要受到土壤硬化過程,、水穩(wěn)性團聚體(大于0.25mm)和草地根系生長的影響。賴草和紫花苜蓿地的土壤細溝可蝕性隨著土壤粘結(jié)力,、容重,、水穩(wěn)性團聚體和草地根系密度的增加呈指數(shù)函數(shù)形式降低。利用土壤容重和根系密度可以很好地模擬賴草地和紫花苜蓿地土壤細溝可蝕性的季節(jié)變化(R≥0.86,,NSE≥0.85),。為黃土高原地區(qū)植被恢復過程中的水土保持效益分析及措施優(yōu)化配置提供理論基礎和數(shù)據(jù)支撐。

    Abstract:

    The seasonal variations of soil rill erodibility and their potential affecting factors were investigated by carrying out the experiment of water flumes with adjustable bed gradient and using the soil erosion process WEPP model, which was conducted in two tracts of rehabilitated grasslands in “Grain for Green” history during the grass growing season. One (Tract A) had been planted with Leymus secalimus for three years and the other (Tract B) with Medicago sativa L. for 17 years. Results showed that the soil rill erodibility of Tract A of grassland was increased at first and then declined and again increased during the whole growing season (p>0.05), while the soil rill erodibility of Tract B of grassland was declined at first and then became stable and again declined significantly during the whole growing season (p<0.05). The soil rill erodibilities of the two grasslands were varied seasonally, which were mainly affected by soil consolidation, formation of water-stable aggregates and root growth. With the increase of soil cohesion, bulk density, content of waterstable aggregates and grass root density, the soil rill erodibility in either soil was declined exponentially. Seasonal variations of soil rill erodibilities of two grasslands could well be simulated with soil bulk density and root density (R≥0.86,,NSE≥0.85). The mean soil rill erodibility of Leymus secalimus and Medicago sativa L. during the whole growing season was much less than that of the control tract, which suggested that the practice of “Grain for Green” in hilly regions of the Loess Plateau of China was beneficial to soil and water conservation. The findings of this study may do duty for data support and theoretic basis in elaborating hydrodynamic mechanisms of the soil rill erodibility processes, evaluating effect of grass roots in fields of “Grain for Green” on soil and water conservation, and rationalizing arrangement of soil and water conservation practices and measures in hilly regions of the Loess Plateau of China.

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王長燕,郁耀闖.黃土丘陵區(qū)不同草被類型土壤細溝可蝕性季節(jié)變化研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2016,47(8):101-108. Wang Changyan, Yu Yaochuang. Seasonal Variations of Soil Rill Erodibility under Different Types of Grass in Loess Hilly Region[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(8):101-108.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-03-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-08-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-08-10
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