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不同生育階段土壤含水率對番茄果實維生素C含量的影響
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國家自然科學基金項目（51279169）、國家高技術研究發(fā)展計劃（863計劃）項目（2011AA100504）和高等學校創(chuàng)新引智計劃（111計劃）項目（B12007）


Effect of Soil Water Content at Different Growth Stages on Vitamin C Content in Tomato Fruit
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    摘要:

    為實現番茄的優(yōu)質生產及水資源高效利用,，探求不同生育階段土壤含水率與番茄果實維生素C含量之間的關系,。以番茄苗期,、始花結果期,、果實生長初期,、膨大期和品質形成期5個階段的土壤含水率為試驗因素,，每個因素設5個水平,，采取五元二次通用旋轉組合設計,，進行盆栽試驗,。建立維生素C含量與不同階段土壤含水率的數學模型，分析因子主效應,、單因子效應及兩因素的耦合效應,，并對模型模擬尋優(yōu)。結果表明,，品質形成期土壤含水率對番茄果實維生素C含量的影響最大,，苗期次之，始花結果期最小,?？刂破渌A段土壤水分為（70%~80%）θf時，果實維生素C含量隨苗期,、始花結果期土壤含水率變化不大（變異系數分別為2.46%,、3.08%）；隨果實生長初期,、膨大期和品質形成期土壤含水率呈拋物線變化,，且影響程度依次增大(變異系數分別為5.79%、8.09%,、17.25%),，且這3個階段土壤含水率分別為（67.79%~77.79%）θf、（65.58%~75.58%）θf,、（68.86%~78.86%）θf時,，維生素C含量有最大值，分別為24.10,、24.21,、24.10mg/（100g）。耦合效應表明，苗期與始花結果期和果實生長初期,、始花結果期與膨大期,、膨大期與品質形成期土壤含水率對番茄果實維生素C含量的交互作用均呈正效應；苗期與膨大期和品質形成期,、始花結果期與果實生長初期和品質形成期,、果實生長初期與膨大期和品質形成期土壤含水率間的交互作用均呈負效應。在5個階段土壤含水率分別為（50%~60%）θf,、（90%~100%）θf,、（50%~60%）θf、（80%~90%）θf,、（70%~80%）θf 時,，番茄果實維生素C含量達最高30.10mg/（100g），但不利于產量的形成,。當5個階段土壤含水率分別為（90%~99.9%）θf,、（90%~99.8%）θf、（90%~99.6%）θf,、（74.0%~81.8%）θf,、（74.3%~82.5%）θf時，可以同時獲得較高的番茄單株產量（996.75~1037.99g）和維生素C含量（25.40~26.02mg/(100g)）,。

    Abstract:

    Pot experiment was conducted to determine the response of vitamin C (VC) content in tomato fruit to soil water condition at different growth stages. Growth stages were divided by the law of tomato development and the growth of the first cluster fruits, including seeding, flowering, fruit early growing, inflation and quality formation stages. Five levels of soil water condition were set at each stage, and quadratic general composite rotatable method with five factors was used. Mathematical model between VC content and soil water content of different stages was established. The main effect, single effect and coupling effect of two factors were analyzed, and model optimization was operated in DPS 3.0. Results showed that the influence of soil water content at quality formation stage on VC content was top-drawer, seeding stage was ranked the second and flowering stage was taken the least. When other stages’ soil water content was (70%~80%)θf , with the increase of soil water content at seeding or flowering stages, VC content in tomato fruit was varied slightly (variable coefficients were 2.46% and 3.08%, respectively), while a downwards parabola change was found when soil water content was risen at other three stages. Additionally, the peaks of parabola were 24.10mg/(100g), 24.21mg/(100g) and 24.10mg/(100g) when soil water contents were (67.79%~77.79%)θf, (65.58%~75.58%)θf and (68.86%~78.86%)θf, respectively. There were significant coupling effects of two factors on tomato VC content, both positive and negative. VC content might reach the highest level of 30.10mg/(100g) when soil water content at five different stages were (50%~60%)θf, (90%~100%)θf, (50%~60%)θf, (80%~90%)θf and (70%~80%)θf, respectively, while yield was decreased sharply. Tomato yield and VC content in fruit acquired desirable level, which were 996.75~1037.99g/plant and 25.40~26.02mg/(100g) when soil water contents at five stages were (90%~99.9%)θf, (90%~99.8%)θf, (90%~99.6%)θf, (74.0%~81.8%)θf and (74.3%~82.5%)θf , respectively.

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劉杰,陳思,周振江,胡田田.不同生育階段土壤含水率對番茄果實維生素C含量的影響[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2016,47(8):72-80. Liu Jie, Chen Si, Zhou Zhenjiang, Hu Tiantian. Effect of Soil Water Content at Different Growth Stages on Vitamin C Content in Tomato Fruit[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(8):72-80.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-11-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-08-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-08-10
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