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玉米免耕精量播種機(jī)排種質(zhì)量監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)
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兵團(tuán)應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2015AG020)和中國博士后科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(2015M572666XB)


Monitoring System for Working Performance of No-tillage Corn Precision Seeder
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    摘要:

    為實(shí)現(xiàn)玉米免耕精播作業(yè)質(zhì)量實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控,設(shè)計(jì)了基于反射式紅外光電感應(yīng)的播種機(jī)排種監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),。以紅外發(fā)射二極管,、光電二極管為信號發(fā)射,、接收端的監(jiān)測探頭,,并通過對監(jiān)測盲區(qū)評估計(jì)算,優(yōu)化了探頭結(jié)構(gòu)及安裝參數(shù),。為提高監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)對多塵作業(yè)環(huán)境的適應(yīng)性,,設(shè)計(jì)了以旋轉(zhuǎn)式透明防塵罩為核心的自清潔除塵裝置,可保護(hù)探頭免受塵土侵蝕,。開發(fā)了集種粒信號拾取,、車速采集、防塵電機(jī)控制和報(bào)警顯示等功能的硬件電路,,研究了以落種時(shí)差為關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的測算方法,,實(shí)現(xiàn)對播種量、重播,、漏播等性能指標(biāo)的判定,。播種監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)臺架試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,系統(tǒng)對播種總量,、漏播量,、重播量的監(jiān)測精度分別為98.5%、95.1%,、85.6%,;模擬灰塵粘附工況,,系統(tǒng)對播種總量監(jiān)測精度達(dá)98.1%,具備良好的抗塵效果,。該系統(tǒng)滿足免耕精量播種機(jī)排種質(zhì)量實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測要求,,有助于提升機(jī)具作業(yè)性能。

    Abstract:

    In order to monitor the seeding performance of no-tillage corn precision seeder in real time, a seeder monitoring system was developed based on photoelectricity induction of infrared reflection. For optical signal acquisition, a detector of monitoring system was designed with infrared emission diode and infrared photodiode as signal transmitting terminal and receiving end. Through evaluating and calculating the monitoring blind area, the structural and installation parameters of detector were optimized. To improve the dust-laden environmental adaptability of monitoring system, a self-cleaning device for dedusting using a rotary transparent dust cover was designed to protect the monitoring system from dust erosion. A hardware circuit of monitoring system with functions of seeding signal acquisition, working speed gathering, dedusting motor control and alarm display was developed. And a software algorithm with time difference of neighbor falling seeds as key parameter was studied to judge normal seeding, seed missing and reseeding. To test the precision of monitoring system, a bench experiment was conducted. The experimental results showed that the monitoring system had accuracies of 98.5% in seeding quantity, 95.1% in seed missing, 85.6% in reseeding, and had an accuracy of 98.1% in seeding quantity in the emulated environment of dust adhesion, which indicated that the monitoring system had high precision in monitoring the seeding performance, and achieved good effect for dedusting. This system can meet the requirement of working monitoring for no-tillage precision seeder, and it can help to improve sowing quality.

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紀(jì)超,陳學(xué)庚,陳金成,王士國,赫鵬亮.玉米免耕精量播種機(jī)排種質(zhì)量監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(8):1-6. Ji Chao, Chen Xuegeng, Chen Jincheng, Wang Shiguo, He Pengliang. Monitoring System for Working Performance of No-tillage Corn Precision Seeder[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(8):1-6.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-04-01
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-08-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-08-10
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