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含床料的回轉(zhuǎn)式生物質(zhì)氣化反應(yīng)器實驗
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51336008)


Experiment on Biomass Rotary Gasifier with Bed Material
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    摘要:

    為將傳統(tǒng)回轉(zhuǎn)爐窯機械擾動特性與流態(tài)化反應(yīng)器內(nèi)惰性床料的均溫蓄熱特性相結(jié)合,,提出一種回轉(zhuǎn)式氣化反應(yīng)器設(shè)計模式,,以棉稈顆粒燃料為實驗原料,,首先考察了回轉(zhuǎn)爐轉(zhuǎn)速,、過量空氣系數(shù)、溫度等參數(shù)對氣化反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)的影響。實驗結(jié)果表明,,回轉(zhuǎn)爐轉(zhuǎn)速控制在1~4r/min之間,,隨轉(zhuǎn)速增加回轉(zhuǎn)爐混合擾動特性增強,,爐內(nèi)溫度分布更加均勻,,不同指標(biāo)參量均有提高,在實驗范圍內(nèi)回轉(zhuǎn)爐轉(zhuǎn)速在3r/min時,,取得較好的產(chǎn)氣結(jié)果,;實驗控制溫度在550~700℃范圍,各指標(biāo)均隨溫度升高有增大趨勢,,其中燃?xì)鉄嶂?、氣化效率受溫度影響較大,實驗條件下,,600~650℃溫度范圍內(nèi)燃?xì)鉄嶂岛蜌饣实戎笜?biāo)有較大提升,;過量空氣系數(shù)對產(chǎn)氣結(jié)果的各項指標(biāo)均有較大影響,實驗控制過量空氣系數(shù)在0.2~0.4范圍內(nèi)變動,,隨過量空氣系數(shù)增加,,除產(chǎn)氣率和床料區(qū)溫度在一定程度增大外,其他指標(biāo)均有先增大后減小的變化趨勢,,實驗中過量空氣系數(shù)為0.3時氣化效果較好,。典型熱態(tài)實驗結(jié)果表明,該回轉(zhuǎn)式氣化反應(yīng)器產(chǎn)出的燃?xì)饨M分與流化床接近,,考慮顯焓的氣化效率約為79.3%、碳轉(zhuǎn)化率約為81.3%,;以氣化爐為核心進(jìn)行能量平衡計算,,顯示系統(tǒng)有效輸出效率達(dá)到86.8%,散熱損失為主要能量損失途徑,;對床料區(qū)底灰的分離研究發(fā)現(xiàn),,床料區(qū)滯留的底灰超過90%停留在床料區(qū)下部,且大部分底灰粒徑較小,。通過控制變量得到優(yōu)化實驗結(jié)果,,可為該爐型的運行和設(shè)計改進(jìn)提供參考。

    Abstract:

    In order to combine the traditional rotary mechanical disturbance characteristic with the inert bed material heat storage properties, a new type of rotary gasifier was designed. On the basis of the new type of rotary gasifier, a staged gasification and combustion experimental platform was designed and the thermal state test of the system was completed. The effects of rotational speed, equivalence ratio, temperature and other parameters on the gasification reaction system were investigated. The experimental results showed that when rotary furnace speed was controlled at 1~4r/min, the rotary furnace mixed disturbance characteristics were enhanced with the increase of rotary speed, and temperature distribution was more uniform in the furnace, different parameters were improved in the experimental range, good gas production was got at rotary furnace speed of 3r/min. When temperature was controlled in the range of 550~700℃, the gasification parameters were increased with the increase of temperature, and gas calorific value and gasification efficiency were affected greatly by temperature. Under the experimental conditions with temperature of 600~650℃, the calorific value of combustible gas, gasification efficiency and other indicators were greatly improved. The equivalent ratio (ER) was changed in the range of0.2~0.4, and it had great impact on gas production of the indicators, with the increase of equivalence ratio, the gas production rate and bed temperature were increased to a certain degree, the change trend of other gasification parameters were firstly increased and then decreased, good gasification results were obtained with ER of 0.3.The typical result showed that gas composition of rotary gasifier was close to that of the fluidized bed, considering the sensible enthalpy, the gasification efficiency was about 79.3% and the carbon conversion rate was about 81.3%. The gasifier energy balance was calculated, and the output efficiency of the system was 86.8%, with heat dissipation as main energy loss way. It was found from the separation of the bottom ash with bed material that about 86% of the total ash content was remained in the bed material area, and more than 90% of it was distributed in the bottom of the bed material area. Experimental results were optimized by controlling the variables for operation and design of new type of gasifier improvement to provide reference.

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余春江,翟相和,解桂林,周宇盛,涂漢超.含床料的回轉(zhuǎn)式生物質(zhì)氣化反應(yīng)器實驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2016,47(6):207-214,221. Yu Chunjiang, Zhai Xianghe, Xie Guilin, Zhou Yusheng, Tu Hanchao. Experiment on Biomass Rotary Gasifier with Bed Material[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(6):207-214,221.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-01-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-06-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-06-10
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