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改性木質素粘結生物質炭包膜尿素肥料性能試驗
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“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃項目(2014BAD06B04),、黑龍江省青年科學基金項目(QC2015049)、中國博士后科學基金項目(2012M520698),、黑龍江省教育廳科學技術研究項目(12531002),、黑龍江省博士后基金項目(LBH-Z12031),、東北農業(yè)大學博士啟動基金項目(2012RCB97)和東北農業(yè)大學青年才俊項目(14QC36)


Study on Biochar Coated Urea Fertilizer with Lignin Adhesive Modified by Different Solvents
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    摘要:

    采用包膜造粒的方法,分別以乙醇和木醋液溶解木質素作為粘結劑制備生物質炭包膜尿素肥料,,并通過掃描電鏡,、傅里葉紅外光譜和差熱分析對其性能進行表征。發(fā)現(xiàn)木質素沒有發(fā)生化學變化,,但是木醋液溶劑使木質素團狀結構更好地展開,,差熱分析結果顯示木質素木醋液粘結劑玻璃化溫度階梯狀態(tài)消失,能在較寬溫度范圍保持黏流態(tài),,黏度比乙醇處理后高300%,。對2種粘結劑制備的生物質炭包膜尿素肥料的成粒性能進行比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)以木質素木醋液粘結劑制備的生物質炭包膜尿素肥料具有269.4%的包膜率和94.83%的成粒率,,粒徑分布均勻且合格粒徑比重高達80%,;所有粒徑的力學性能均滿足要求,緩釋性能也更優(yōu)異,。木質素溶于木醋液粘結性能比溶于乙醇性能好,,更適用于生物質炭包膜尿素肥料的制備。

    Abstract:

    Many straws and wastes should be treated effectively every year in China. The improper treatments of these wastes have caused severe environmental pollutions. At the same time, with the growing energy demand of the word, biomass conversion technologies have attracted considerable attention because they effectively convert biomass into renewable energy products. It’s found that the biochar, as the main product of pyrolysis technology, could improve the properties of the soil and stay for a long time in the soil. The biochar has a good prospect working as the soil amendment, but difficult to transport, storage and use directly. Therefore, molded biochar was necessary and it could be used as the fertilizer carrier. The biocharbased urea fertilizer can reduce nutrient release rate and improve efficiency of fertilizers, as well as environmental benefits of soil. Thus, the ethanol and wood vinegar were chosen to dissolve the lignin which were used as adhesive during preparing the biochar coated urea fertilizer. The properties of biochar coated urea with different lignin adhesive were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), viscometer and differential scanning calorimety (DSC) methods. The universal testing machine and homemade leaching equipment were used to analyze the biochar coated urea’s mechanics and slowrelease property. The experimental results showed that there is no obvious chemical reaction in the two solutions, and the ligninwood vinegar adhesive had a better surface properties and the viscosity value is 300% higher than ligninethanol adhesive. Comparing with the biochar coated urea of different adhesives, it is found that the ligninwood vinegar adhesive biochar coated urea has a higher coated and granulation rates which are up to 269.4% and 94.83% respectively; the particle size distribute uniform and qualified rate is almost up to 80%; the mechanics and slow release properties are superior too. Hence the ligninwood vinegar adhesive had a better performance on the viscosity and surface properties than ligninethanol adhesive, which is more suitable for the preparation of biomass carbon coated urea.

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秦麗元,王秋靜,蔣恩臣,羅立娜,高忠志.改性木質素粘結生物質炭包膜尿素肥料性能試驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2016,47(5):171-176. Qin Liyuan, Wang Qiujing, Jiang Enchen, Luo Lina, Gao Zhongzhi. Study on Biochar Coated Urea Fertilizer with Lignin Adhesive Modified by Different Solvents[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(5):171-176.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-12-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-05-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-05-10
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