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甘蔗收獲機(jī)喂入系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)與仿真試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51465006)


Structure Improvement and Simulation Test of Sugarcane Harvester Feeding System
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    摘要:

    通過(guò)試驗(yàn)研究和虛擬仿真分析發(fā)現(xiàn),現(xiàn)有的小型甘蔗收獲機(jī)喂入系統(tǒng)齒輪箱設(shè)計(jì)存在缺陷,,易導(dǎo)致喂入系統(tǒng)的甘蔗堵塞,。通過(guò)分析,對(duì)喂入系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì),將齒輪箱換成梯形齒型喂入輥,,同時(shí)兩個(gè)切割器的刀軸由一對(duì)反向同步旋轉(zhuǎn)的液壓同步馬達(dá)驅(qū)動(dòng),;通過(guò)SolidWorks軟件建立喂入系統(tǒng)的三維模型,再通過(guò)ADAMS軟件進(jìn)行仿真分析,結(jié)果表明:改進(jìn)后的喂入系統(tǒng)不僅擴(kuò)大了切割傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的物流通道,,而且將齒輪箱對(duì)甘蔗產(chǎn)生的被動(dòng)的滑動(dòng)摩擦阻力轉(zhuǎn)化為改進(jìn)后喂入輥對(duì)甘蔗產(chǎn)生的主動(dòng)作用的滾動(dòng)摩擦驅(qū)動(dòng)力,;改進(jìn)后的喂入輥使甘蔗在螺旋提升輸送裝置上的滯留時(shí)間較原來(lái)縮短了35.9%,對(duì)甘蔗的最大徑向作用力比齒輪箱降低了86%,,甘蔗更易進(jìn)入物流通道,,其輸送性能得到明顯改善,解決了喂入系統(tǒng)易于堵塞的問(wèn)題,,對(duì)試驗(yàn)部分切割器馬達(dá)壓力測(cè)量結(jié)果起到了反證作用,;仿真試驗(yàn)也表明適當(dāng)提高喂入輥轉(zhuǎn)速有利于降低甘蔗收獲機(jī)的堵塞率,,為喂入系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和位置參數(shù)的改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)提供了參考依據(jù)。

    Abstract:

    On the basis of analyzing the defects and shortcomings of the existing sugarcane harvester feeding system, simulation analysis and experimental research has shown that the improvement of gearbox of feeding system is helpful to ameliorate the knife dish plugging problem in the sugarcane harvester. The structure improvement of feeding system was mainly carried out with respect to the functional characteristics of the gearbox. The gearbox was changed by feeding roller, and the shafts of two cutters were driven by a pair of reverse synchronous rotating hydraulic synchronous motor. The improved feeding system can expand the logistics channel of cutting transmission mechanism. Meanwhile, the negative sliding frictional resistance the gearbox has on sugarcane was converted into positive rolling frictional driving force produced by the feeding roller. The trapezoidal tooth on feeding roller can not only play the role of clamping and conveying sugarcane, but also envelope sugarcane and increase the contact surface between the sugarcane and feeding roller, which increases the dynamic friction of sugarcane. 3D graphics software SolidWorks was used to modeling, then the improved model was imported into simulation software ADAMS for motion and force analysis. The results show that the improved feeding roller can shorten the retention time on screw conveyor by 359%, as well as reduce the force exerted to the sugarcane by 86% compared to gearbox. That is to say, the sugarcane was more easily to skid into the logistics channel, and the conveying speed is faster with backward transport distance farther. The transmission performance is significantly improved, which can effectively suppress the feeding system plugging problem and play a disproof role of the test about cutter motor pressure measurement. The simulation experiment also shows that the retention time of the sugarcane on the screw was reduced relative to the speed of the feeding roller, and the amount of time of 150r/min speed was shortened by 20% compared to that of 250r/min speed. And the times that the feeding roller applied to the sugarcane was reduced relatively and the radial force exerted to the sugarcane was reduced significantly. Therefore, an appropriate increase in the feeding roller speed can improve the transportation quality of sugarcane and reduce the blocking rate of sugarcane harvester, which can provide a reference for improvement of cutter structure and position parameters.

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李尚平,鄧雄,鐘家勤,宋俊敏,王海波.甘蔗收獲機(jī)喂入系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)與仿真試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(5):91-98. Li Shangping, Deng Xiong, Zhong Jiaqin, Song Junmin, Wang Haibo. Structure Improvement and Simulation Test of Sugarcane Harvester Feeding System[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(5):91-98.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-09-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-05-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-05-10
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