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移栽機(jī)曲柄滑槽式栽植機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51505130),、黑龍江省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(E2015042),、河南省教育廳高??蒲许?xiàng)目(15A416003)和河南科技大學(xué)高級(jí)別培育基金項(xiàng)目(2016GJB002)


Design and Experiment on Crank-chute Planting Mechanism of Transplanting Machine
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    摘要:

    為了提高膜上移栽機(jī)的缽苗栽植直立度并減少破膜程度,,提出了一種曲柄滑槽式栽植機(jī)構(gòu),,闡述了移栽工作原理及結(jié)構(gòu)組成,,并建立了機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)數(shù)學(xué)模型,?;谠撃P筒捎肕atlab軟件編寫(xiě)了栽植機(jī)構(gòu)的仿真分析與優(yōu)化程序,分析了主要參數(shù)對(duì)機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡特性的影響規(guī)律,;以缽苗栽植直立度較高且破膜程度較低為優(yōu)化指標(biāo)(即鴨嘴栽植點(diǎn)出,、入土軌跡盡量垂直壟面,且出,、入壟面點(diǎn)和栽植點(diǎn)間距盡量?。贸绦騼?yōu)選出了一組最優(yōu)的機(jī)構(gòu)參數(shù)組合:在移栽機(jī)組作業(yè)速度v=500mm/s時(shí),,L1=150mm,、L3=120mm、L4=310mm,、L=680mm,、θ1=10°、θ3=15°,、θ=20°,;在此組合下栽植器鴨嘴端的絕對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡在出入壟面時(shí)呈顯著“γ”型輪廓,利于缽苗直立與穴口較小撕膜,。提出了一種破膜程度檢測(cè)方法,,以煙草缽苗為對(duì)象進(jìn)行了整機(jī)田間試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明:缽苗栽植直立度較高,,優(yōu)良率超過(guò)93%,,較現(xiàn)有七桿式栽植機(jī)構(gòu)提高10個(gè)百分點(diǎn);栽植器鴨嘴的破膜程度有效減小,,最低可降至8%,。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the upright degree and reduce the damage in the process of transplanting for the film transplanting machine, a crankchute planting mechanism was designed and the mathematical model of this mechanism was built. The optimization program of mechanism was programmed on the base of the model with the Matlab software, and the influence law of the key parameters of this mechanism on the trajectory of the planting point was analyzed. The upright degree was chosen as the optimization indicator, which is, the insert point and the leaving point is perpendicular to the soil ridge as much as possible and these two points should be close to the planting point as much as possible. With the optimization program, a group of optimal parameters of this mechanism were obtained, that means, the velocity of the machine, which was 500mm/s, the length of different bars including L1=150mm, L3=120mm, L4=310mm, L=680mm, different angles including θ1=10°,θ3=15°, θ=20°, and with these parameters the trajectory of the planting point was γ,which was beneficial to the seedling to be upright and had less damage to the film. The experimental prototype was manufactured according to the optimal parameter, the field experiment was done with the tobacco seedlings chosen as the experiment object, the experiment result showed that the upright degree was above 93%,,and the damage rate of the planting mechanism on the film can be diminished to 8%.

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金鑫,杜新武,楊傳華,姬江濤,王世光,顏華.移栽機(jī)曲柄滑槽式栽植機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(5):83-90. Jin Xin, Du Xinwu, Yang Chuanhua, Ji Jiangtao, Wang Shiguang, Yan Hua. Design and Experiment on Crank-chute Planting Mechanism of Transplanting Machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(5):83-90.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-01-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-05-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-05-10
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