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多層土壤剖面復合傳感器設(shè)計與性能分析
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國家自然科學基金項目(31171458)、北京市教育委員會科學研究與研究生培養(yǎng)共建項目(BLCXY201519)和北京市共建項目


Design and Performance Analysis of Composite Sensor for Multilayer Soil Profile
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    摘要:

    針對土壤剖面溫度與水分檢測存在傳感器安裝困難,、對本地土壤擾動比較大等問題,,設(shè)計了一種基于駐波比土壤水分測量原理與基于鉑電阻測溫原理的多層土壤剖面復合傳感器,。借助矢量網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析儀與HFSS電磁場仿真軟件對傳感器電極的阻抗特性與電場分布狀況進行了分析,確定了銅質(zhì)檢測探頭結(jié)構(gòu)為:直徑5cm,、寬度2.5cm,、厚度0.09cm,,測試電路激勵頻率為100MHz。以3種不同質(zhì)地土壤作為測試樣本,,對土壤水分與溫度檢測單元的輸出與對應(yīng)的測量值分別進行了多項式擬合與線性擬合,,相關(guān)性均達到0.99以上,系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)態(tài)及動態(tài)性能均滿足土壤剖面溫度與水分的檢測要求。通過試驗分析了土壤溫度與體積含水率對傳感器輸出的影響,,利用統(tǒng)計回歸方法建立了傳感器在不同溫度時的修正模型,。在北京市小湯山野外環(huán)境下,將傳感器工作于埋入土壤的PVC管體中,,同時獲取3層土壤溫度與水分剖面信息,,數(shù)據(jù)可靠,性能穩(wěn)定,,為實時獲取多層土壤墑情及土壤溫度提供了一種高效方法,。

    Abstract:

    Considering the many difficulties of installing the sensor for the soil temperature and moisture measurement, such as miserable installation of the sensor and relatively large disturbance to the local soil, this paper designed a composite sensor for multilayer soil profile in accordance with the principles of soil moisture measurement and temperature measurement based on SWR and platinum resistance. A vector network analyzer and HFSS electromagnetic simulation software were used to analyze impedance characteristic and electric field distribution of the sensor electrode. According to the analysis result, the structure of copper detection probe was designed. The diameter of the probe is 5cm, the width is 2.5cm, the thickness is 0.09cm and the excitation frequency of test circuit is 100MHz. Three types of soil were choosen as experimental samples. The polynomial fitting and linear fitting were conducted on the output values of sensor detection unit. The results correlation reached more than 099.The static and dynamic performance of the system met the detection requirements of temperature and moisture of soil profile. Experiments was carried out in Xiaotangshan District, Beijing City, and then effect of temperature and volumetric moisture content of soil on sensor outputs were analyzed and correction models were established by using the statistical regression method at different temperatures. The sensor working in the PVC pipe buried in the soil could obtain the information of temperature and moisture of the three layers, and its performance was stable and the data was reliable. This study provides a highly efficient method for obtaining the realtime information of multilayer soil moisture and temperature.

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高志濤,劉衛(wèi)平,趙燕東,張超一.多層土壤剖面復合傳感器設(shè)計與性能分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2016,47(1):108-117. Gao Zhitao, Liu Weiping, Zhao Yandong, Zhang Chaoyi. Design and Performance Analysis of Composite Sensor for Multilayer Soil Profile[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(1):108-117.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-05-19
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-01-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-01-10
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