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蔬菜缽苗高速移栽機(jī)吊杯式栽植器參數(shù)優(yōu)化
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國(guó)家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(863計(jì)劃)項(xiàng)目(2012AA10A504)


Parameter Optimization for Dibble-type Planting Apparatus of Vegetable Pot Seedling Transplanter in High-speed Condition
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    摘要:

    為了獲取高速狀態(tài)下蔬菜缽苗移栽機(jī)吊杯式栽植器的最佳工作參數(shù),設(shè)計(jì)了移栽參數(shù)可調(diào)的栽植器試驗(yàn)臺(tái),,并進(jìn)行了缽苗移栽土槽試驗(yàn),。采用二次正交旋轉(zhuǎn)中心組合設(shè)計(jì)法,,以移栽速度,、特征參數(shù)和吊杯傾角為影響因子,,以直立度合格率,、株距變異系數(shù)和栽植深度合格率為響應(yīng)值,利用SAS 91軟件進(jìn)行回歸分析和響應(yīng)曲面分析,,探究單因子及交互因子對(duì)響應(yīng)值的影響效應(yīng),,并結(jié)合非線性優(yōu)化計(jì)算方法,對(duì)栽植器的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和工作參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化計(jì)算,。結(jié)果表明:在滿足栽植頻率大于90株/min的高速移栽狀態(tài)下,,各因子對(duì)直立度合格率的影響貢獻(xiàn)由大到小為吊杯傾角、特征參數(shù),、移栽速度,;對(duì)株距變異系數(shù)的影響貢獻(xiàn)由大到小為移栽速度、特征參數(shù),、吊杯傾角,;對(duì)栽植深度合格率的影響貢獻(xiàn)由大到小為移栽速度、吊杯傾角,、特征參數(shù),。優(yōu)化所得栽植器最佳參數(shù)條件:移栽速度為0.47m/s、特征參數(shù)為1.18,、吊杯傾角為87°,,此時(shí)理論最優(yōu)值為直立度合格率98.01%、株距變異系數(shù)5.93%,、栽植深度合格率89.25%,,優(yōu)化后驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)表明直立度合格率為96.6%,株距變異系數(shù)為6.1%,,栽植深度合格率為87.8%,,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與理論結(jié)果一致,所建立的回歸模型合理,;優(yōu)化后直立度合格率,、栽植深度合格率較優(yōu)化前分別提高5.8、3.6個(gè)百分點(diǎn),,也高于國(guó)家和行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的指標(biāo)值,。

    Abstract:

    In order to obtain the optimum operating parameters for the dibbletype planting apparatus of vegetable pot seedling transplanter in highspeed condition, a testbed with adjusted parameters was designed and a soil trough experiment was conducted for seedling transplanting. A central composite design method of second order regression orthogonal rotation was carried out with transplanting speed, characteristic parameter and oblique angle of dibble as experimental factors and with qualification ratio of perpendicularity, variation coefficient of planting spacing and qualification ratio of planting depth as response values. By using SAS 9.1 regression analysis method and response surface method, both single factor and interactive factor on response values were analyzed. Combined with nonlinear optimization calculation method, the structural parameters and working parameters were calculated optimally. The results obtained in the condition of high transplanting speed (90 seedlings per minute) indicated that, in terms of significant degree, the influence factors of qualification ratio of perpendicularity were oblique angle of dibble, characteristic parameter and transplanting speed; the influence factors of variation coefficient of planting spacing were transplanting speed, characteristic parameter and oblique angle of dibble; the influence factors of qualification ratio of planting depth were transplanting speed, oblique angle of dibble and characteristic parameter. The optimum parameter condition of the dibbletype planting apparatus after optimizing was 0.47m/s of transplanting speed, 1.18 of characteristic parameter and 87° of oblique angle of dibble. At this time, qualification ratio of perpendicularity achieved theoretical optimum value of 98.01%, variation coefficient of planting spacing was 5.93%, and qualification ratio of planting depth was 89.25%. Through verification by an experiment in optimum condition, the experimental value of qualification ratio of perpendicularity was 96.6%, variation coefficient of planting spacing was 6.1%, and qualification ratio of planting depth was 87.8%, which indicated that the experimental results and predicted results were consistent, and regression models established by the experiment were appropriate. According to comparison of transplanting performance before and after parameter optimization, qualification ratio of perpendicularity and qualification ratio of planting depth increased by 5.8 percent and 3.6 percent respectively, and transplanting performance was superior to the technique indexes of national and industry standards as well.

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王永維,唐燕海,王俊,程紹明.蔬菜缽苗高速移栽機(jī)吊杯式栽植器參數(shù)優(yōu)化[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(1):91-100. Wang Yongwei, Tang Yanhai, Wang Jun, Cheng Shaoming. Parameter Optimization for Dibble-type Planting Apparatus of Vegetable Pot Seedling Transplanter in High-speed Condition[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(1):91-100.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-06-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-01-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-01-10
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