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氣力式雜交稻精量穴直播排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科技專(zhuān)項(xiàng)經(jīng)費(fèi)項(xiàng)目(201203059)和“十二五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2014BAD06B01)


Design and Experiment of Pneumatic Precision Hill-drop Drilling Seed Metering Device for Hybrid Rice
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    摘要:

    為實(shí)現(xiàn)雜交稻大田精量穴直播,解決雜交稻直播時(shí)因芽種流動(dòng)性差和細(xì)長(zhǎng)形狀造成種箱中芽種架空或堵塞的問(wèn)題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種氣力式雜交稻精量穴直播排種器,。闡述了其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理,,分析了梳種條對(duì)芽種的助吸作用,;研究了充種區(qū)芽種的受力情況,,建立了芽種不同姿態(tài)被吸附時(shí)吸室真空度方程,。試驗(yàn)研究了有無(wú)梳種裝置,,排種盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速以及排種盤(pán)群組吸孔直徑,、排種盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速,、吸室真空度3因素綜合作用對(duì)排種性能的影響。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:梳種條對(duì)芽種起到攪動(dòng),、梳理作用,,有利于提高排種器的充種性能,;當(dāng)排種盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速為15r/min,吸室真空度為3.5kPa,,排種盤(pán)群組吸孔直徑為1.6mm時(shí),,氣力式雜交稻排種器的排種性能最好,其合格率為86.5%。田間試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,排種器田間播種能夠滿(mǎn)足雜交稻大田精量旱穴直播的農(nóng)藝要求,。

    Abstract:

    Paddy rice is one of the most important fine food crops that feed the largest proportion of the world’s population. There are two planting patterns of paddy rice called direct seeding and transplanting. In order to realize precision hill direct seeding of hybrid rice in field and solve the problem of budded seed overhead and jaming in seeding box, a pneumatic seed metering device for hybrid rice budded seed was designed based on the seeding principle of air suction-air blowing. The seed metering device used cam, pushing rod and combing strips to solve the problem of rice budded seeds’ mobility. The seeding plate which had groups of suction holes could absorb 2~4 rice budded seeds. The seed metering device was constituted by seed box, cam, push rod, seeding axis, seeding plate, air chamber, flange and so on, by which two to four bud seeds could be sucked and dropped at the same time. The adsorption mechanism of budded seed in seed filling area was analyzed in the paper theoretically. An equation of vacuum degree in suction chamber was built. The paper launched bench experiment of doublesided pneumatic seed metering device and studied the relationship between seeding performance and combing device,rotational speed of seeding plate. The orthogonal experiment was done which took the diameter of suction hole, rotational speed of seeding plate and vacuum degree of air chamber as factors. The experiment result showed that the combing strips could stir rice budded seeds. The orthogonal experiment indicated that the optimal condition for the seed metering device is as follows: when the rotational speed is 15r/min, the vacuum degree is 3.5kPa and the diameter of suction hole is 1.6mm. And the experiment in field indicated that the device meets the agronomic requirement of planting rice budded seed.

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翟建波,夏俊芳,周勇.氣力式雜交稻精量穴直播排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(1):75-82. Zhai Jianbo, Xia Junfang, Zhou Yong. Design and Experiment of Pneumatic Precision Hill-drop Drilling Seed Metering Device for Hybrid Rice[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(1):75-82.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-07-17
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-01-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-01-10
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