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加氣灌溉對大棚甜瓜土壤酶活性與微生物數(shù)量的影響
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國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(863計(jì)劃)資助項(xiàng)目(2011AA100507)


Effects of Aeration on Rhizosphere Soil Enzyme Activities and Soil Microbes for Muskmelon in Plastic Greenhouse
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    利用空氣壓縮機(jī)為大棚甜瓜根系供氣,,采用正交試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),,研究滴灌帶埋深(10,、25、40 cm),、加氣頻率(每天加氣1次、每2 d加氣1次,、每4 d加氣1次,、不加氣)、灌水上限(灌水至田間持水量的70%,、80%,、90%)對大棚甜瓜種植下土壤酶活性及微生物數(shù)量的影響。研究結(jié)果表明:①加氣灌溉對土壤酶活性,、土壤微生物數(shù)量均有顯著影響,。其中對細(xì)菌、放線菌數(shù)量影響由大到小依次為加氣頻率,、滴灌帶埋深和灌水上限,;對過氧化氫酶和脲酶活性、真菌數(shù)量影響由大到小依次為滴灌帶埋深,、加氣頻率和灌水上限,。②最適宜的滴灌帶埋深為25 cm。③每天加氣1次土壤脲酶活性最高,,細(xì)菌數(shù)量也最多,;每2 d加氣1次土壤過氧化氫酶活性最高,真菌數(shù)量最多,。④灌水至田間持水量的80%過氧化氫酶活性最高,,放線菌數(shù)量最多,灌水至田間持水量的90%脲酶活性最高,,細(xì)菌及真菌數(shù)量最多,。

    Abstract:

    In order to study the influence of lateral depth of subsurface drip irrigation, aeration frequency and irrigation amount on soil enzyme activities and soil microbes of muskmelon grown in greenhouse, the experiment was carried out with orthogonal test design and using an air compressor to aerate the roots of muskmelon. Results showed that: ① Aeration had a significant impact on soil enzyme activities and soil microbial quantity. According to the influencing degree on quantity of rhizosphere soil bacteria and actinomycetes, these factors can be arranged as follow (descending): aeration frequencies, depths of subsurface drip irrigation and irrigation amount; for the catalase, urease and fungi amounts, the order of these factors (descending) was: depths of subsurface drip irrigation, aeration frequencies and irrigation amount. ② The optimal lateral depth of subsurface drip irrigation was 25 cm. ③ The greatest bacteria amounts and urease activities could be obtained through aerating once a day; the greatest fungi amounts and catalase activities could be obtained through aerating once every two days. ④ Catalase activity and actinomycetes quantity can reach the maximum when soil water content was attended to 80% of the field capacity; urease activity and bacteria quantity can reach the maximum when irrigation amount was attended to 90% of the field capacity.

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李元,牛文全,張明智,薛璐,王京偉.加氣灌溉對大棚甜瓜土壤酶活性與微生物數(shù)量的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2015,46(8):121-129. Li Yuan, Niu Wenquan, Zhang Mingzhi, Xue Lu, Wang Jingwei. Effects of Aeration on Rhizosphere Soil Enzyme Activities and Soil Microbes for Muskmelon in Plastic Greenhouse[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(8):121-129.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-10-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-08-10
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