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風(fēng)幕式噴桿噴霧機(jī)玉米田間施藥試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(51405496)、公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(xiàng)經(jīng)費(fèi)資助項(xiàng)目(201203025)、“十二五”國家科技支撐計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2012BAH29B04)、土壤-植物-機(jī)器系統(tǒng)技術(shù)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室開放課題資助項(xiàng)目(2014-SKL-04)、江蘇省高校自然科學(xué)研究重大資助項(xiàng)目(13KJA210001)和鎮(zhèn)江市科技計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(NY2012030)


Experiment on Spraying Performance of Air-assisted Boom Sprayer in Corn Field
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)常規(guī)噴霧方式農(nóng)藥利用率低、流失嚴(yán)重的問題,開展風(fēng)幕式氣流輔助噴霧技術(shù)研究。通過3WQ-3000〖JP2〗型牽引式風(fēng)幕噴桿噴霧機(jī)在玉米小喇叭口期進(jìn)行的田間試驗(yàn),確定施藥作業(yè)中常用的4種型號(hào)(ST110-02、ST110-04、ST110-05、〖JP〗ST110-06)扇形霧噴頭在0.4MPa噴霧壓力下,進(jìn)行風(fēng)幕對(duì)農(nóng)藥利用率、霧滴覆蓋率和流失率的影響試驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,霧滴在玉米冠層上部的沉積量較大、下部較小;風(fēng)幕能夠增強(qiáng)霧滴的穿透性,增加噴霧藥液的沉積量,使霧滴在植株各冠層的沉積分布更加均勻;風(fēng)幕輔助氣流對(duì)體積中徑小霧滴影響明顯,ST110-02噴頭在使用風(fēng)幕時(shí)比沒有使用風(fēng)幕農(nóng)藥利用率提高了83%;ST110-06號(hào)噴頭在有風(fēng)幕時(shí)農(nóng)藥利用率為41.93%,為各試驗(yàn)工況最高;使用風(fēng)幕時(shí)農(nóng)藥在地面流失率比無風(fēng)幕有所增加,ST110-02號(hào)噴頭在未使用風(fēng)幕時(shí)藥液在地面的流失率為13.05%,是各試驗(yàn)工況最小值;與三輪車載式噴桿噴霧機(jī)相比,風(fēng)幕式噴霧機(jī)施藥霧滴覆蓋率和穿透性明顯升高,農(nóng)藥利用率平均提高了144.17%,霧滴在地面的流失率平均降低了14.46%。

    Abstract:

    Air-assisted spraying technique research was carried out to increase pesticide efficiency and decrease pesticide loss. The spraying performance was experimentally studied on model 3WQ-3000 trailed air-assisted boom sprayer in small bell stage of corn fields. The effects of four sizes of flat fan nozzles(ST110-02, ST110-04, ST110-05, ST110-06) with air curtain on pesticide efficacy, coverage rate and loss rate were carried out. The experiment results showed that the deposition amount was large at upper part of corn canopy and small at lower part. Air curtain enhanced penetrability, deposited property of droplets and improved the uniformity of distribution at corn canopies. Air-assisted sprayer had significant influence on small size droplets VMD that the pesticide efficacy of ST110-02 flat fan nozzle with air curtain was 83% more than that without air curtain. The optimum pesticide efficacy of ST110-06 flat fan nozzle with air curtain was 41.93%. Air curtain could increase pesticide loss rate on the ground. The best loss rate of ST110-02 flat fan nozzle without air curtain was 13.05%. Compared with the conventional sprayer, the new airassisted sprayer had better droplet coverage rate and higher penetrability, the average pesticide efficacy was improved by 144.17%, and pesticide loss rate on the ground was reduced by 14.46%.

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王 俊,董 祥,嚴(yán)荷榮,王錦江,張 鐵,曾亞輝.風(fēng)幕式噴桿噴霧機(jī)玉米田間施藥試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2015,46(7):79-84. Wang Jun, Dong Xiang, Yan Herong, Wang Jinjiang, Zhang Tie, Zeng Yahui. Experiment on Spraying Performance of Air-assisted Boom Sprayer in Corn Field[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(7):79-84.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-11-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-07-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-07-10
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