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基于RZWQM模型的冬小麥—夏玉米水氮管理評價
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國家自然科學基金資助項目(51179005、51479004)


Evaluation of Nitrogen and Water Management in Winter Wheat—Summer Maize Cropping System in North China Plain Using RZWQM
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    摘要:

    利用2010和2011年在中國科學院通州農(nóng)田水循環(huán)與現(xiàn)代節(jié)水灌溉試驗基地獲取的冬小麥-夏玉米輪作條件下不同水肥管理時的試驗數(shù)據(jù),,對RZWQM(Root zone water quality model)模型中的土壤水分,、氮素和作物模塊進行率定和驗證, 模型驗證結果表明各土層土壤含水率的均方根誤差(RMSE)和相對誤差(MRE)分別在0.015~0.026cm3/cm3和-6.66%~5.83%之間變化,,土壤貯水量模擬值與實測值一致,;冬小麥和夏玉米產(chǎn)量、吸氮量的模擬值與實測值的相對誤差(RE)小于25%,。該結果表明率定和驗證后的RZWQM模型能夠用來模擬華北地區(qū)冬小麥-夏玉米輪作條件下土壤水,、氮及作物動態(tài)變化。利用率定和驗證后的模型分析對比了常規(guī)施氮條件下,,不同噴灌灌水頻率和傳統(tǒng)灌溉方式對作物產(chǎn)量和氮素滲漏的影響,。結果表明在灌溉總水量相同的條件下,當20cm蒸發(fā)皿累積蒸發(fā)量為30~70mm時開始灌溉,,其作物產(chǎn)量高且氮素滲漏量和損失量小,。綜合考慮作物產(chǎn)量和環(huán)境效應,推薦較優(yōu)的噴灌灌溉頻率為累積蒸發(fā)量為30~70mm時開始灌溉,。

    Abstract:

    The long-time excessive application of N fertilizer caused detrimental effects on soil and groundwater environment in North China Plain (NCP). Therefore, the reasonable water and N managements are essential for the sustainable agricultural production in this region. A two-year field experiment (2010—2011) was carried out in the wheat—maize rotation cropping field at Tongzhou Experimental Base for Water-saving Irrigation Research (TEB), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China. The collected data in the experiment was used to calibrate and validate the hydrologic, nitrogen and crop growth components of the root zone water quality model (RZWQM). And the validated RZWQM was used to evaluate N fertilizer and water management practices in wheat—maize rotation cropping system under sprinkler irrigation system in NCP. The validation results showed that the RMSE (root mean square errors) and MRE(mean relative error) for soil water content ranged from 0.015cm3/cm3 to 0.026cm3/cm3 and from -6.66% to 5.83%, respectively. The simulated soil water storage was close to the measured ones. The relative errors (RE) of measured and predicted crops yields and N uptakes of winter wheat and maize were generally less than 25%. The RZWQM was used to simulate the dynamics of soil water and nitrogen in the wheat—maize rotation cropping system under different irrigation interval when N application was the same to local N management (330kg/hm2). Results showed that the crop yields were higher, however, NO3-N leaching and mean N losses were less at irrigation interval with accumulated pan evaporation of 30~70mm than those at irrigation interval with pan evaporation of 90~110mm. Therefore, sprinkler irrigation interval with pan evaporation of 30~70mm was recommended in wheat—maize rotation system in NCP.

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李艷,劉海軍,黃冠華.基于RZWQM模型的冬小麥—夏玉米水氮管理評價[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2015,46(6):111-120. Li Yan, Liu Haijun, Huang Guanhua. Evaluation of Nitrogen and Water Management in Winter Wheat—Summer Maize Cropping System in North China Plain Using RZWQM[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(6):111-120.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-08-04
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-06-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-06-10
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