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牛糞不同組分的熱解特性研究
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公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項經(jīng)費資助項目(201303091)


Pyrolysis Characteristics of Different Components of Cattle Manures
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    摘要:

    為研究牛糞不同組分的熱裂解機理,根據(jù)范式洗滌原理對牛糞進行洗滌處理獲得不同成分組合的洗滌纖維,,利用掃描電鏡觀察牛糞及洗滌纖維的表觀形貌,,采用熱重分析試驗方法探討牛糞中不同組分洗滌纖維的熱解特性。電鏡掃描結(jié)果表明:牛糞表面密實,沒有裂縫和孔洞,,隨著洗滌的進行,,表面結(jié)構(gòu)破壞越來越嚴(yán)重,由出現(xiàn)凹陷條紋到最后呈蜂窩狀結(jié)構(gòu),,洗滌纖維的空隙結(jié)構(gòu)有助于熱解時傳熱和揮發(fā)分的析出,。熱重分析結(jié)果表明:以纖維素為主要成分的酸性洗滌纖維,熱解速率最大,,為14.310%/min,,強酸洗滌纖維熱解速率最小,為1.615%/min,;不同組分的熱解具有內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián),,并不是簡單的疊加,纖維素的加入使木質(zhì)素的熱解速率和溫度區(qū)間發(fā)生變化,;半纖維素的存在對纖維素的熱解揮發(fā)具有一定的抑制作用,,使纖維素的熱解速率由14.310%/min降低到7.617%/min。中性洗滌溶解物的存在,,使得牛糞在較低溫度開始熱解,,但半纖維素和纖維素的熱解速率較低。

    Abstract:

    Cattle manure is a kind of complicated biomass mainly consisting of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. In order to study the pyrolysis characteristics and interaction among these constituents, Van Soest method was adopted to effectively segregate hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, extractives and ash. The obtained detergent fibers and cattle manure original samples were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy to analyze their microscopic structures. The results showed that the apparent morphology of cattle manure and detergent fibers was changed from surface compression without cracks and holes to a honeycomb structure with numerous cracks and holes along with the washing process. Furthermore, those samples were also addressed by dynamic thermogravimetry and derivate thermogravimetry (TG-DTG) method. Thermogravimetric experiments showed that the pyrolyis rate of acid detergent fiber mainly including cellulose had the largest value among the detergent fibers, e.g. 14.310%/min, and the strong acid detergent fiber at the smallest one with the value of 1.615%/min. The pyrolysis processes of the different components were intrinsically interacted with each other. Hemicellulose inhibited extremely the devolatilization of cellulose, resulting in the volatile rate of cellulose was decreased from 14.310%/min to 7.617%/min. For the presence of the neutral detergent dissolved matter, the starting temperature of pyrolysis of cattle manures was reduced, and the thermal degradation rates of hemicellulose and cellulose were also restrained.

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辛婭,曹紅亮,王殿龍,袁巧霞,楊瑛.牛糞不同組分的熱解特性研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2015,46(5):190-195. Xin Ya, Cao Hongliang, Wang Dianlong, Yuan Qiaoxia, Yang Ying. Pyrolysis Characteristics of Different Components of Cattle Manures[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(5):190-195.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-07-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-05-10
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