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有機肥與化肥配施對茶葉生長和土壤養(yǎng)分的影響
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農(nóng)業(yè)部公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項資助項目(201303012)和江蘇高校優(yōu)勢學(xué)科建設(shè)工程資助項目(蘇政辦發(fā)(2014)37號)


Effects of Compound Application of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers on Growth, Quality of Tea Plants and Soil Nutrient
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    摘要:

    設(shè)置醋糟有機肥和化肥不同配比的5個處理:100%有機肥,、70%有機肥+30%化肥,、50%有機肥+50%化肥、30%有機肥+70%化肥以及100%化肥,,并以不施肥為對照(CK),研究不同肥料配比對春茶生長,、產(chǎn)量,、品質(zhì)及茶園土壤養(yǎng)分含量的影響。結(jié)果表明,,不同施肥處理都有促進春茶產(chǎn)量,、品質(zhì)和土壤養(yǎng)分含量的作用,但處理之間差異較大,。增產(chǎn)作用以70%有機肥+30%化肥的處理最顯著,,比對照平均增產(chǎn)276.91%,30%有機肥+70%化肥的處理次之,,50%有機肥+50%化肥的處理居中,;茶葉的新梢長、葉面積,、芽密度,、百芽質(zhì)量等生長指標,以及茶多酚,、氨基酸,、咖啡堿、水浸出物等品質(zhì)指標都以70%有機肥+30%化肥的處理為最高,。茶園土壤中有機質(zhì),、堿解氮、速效磷和速效鉀含量均隨有機肥在肥料中所占比例的增加而增加,,即以100%有機肥的處理最高,,70%有機肥+30%化肥的處理次之,但兩者差異不顯著,。綜合分析表明,,70%有機肥+30%化肥的配施是值得在茶園推廣應(yīng)用的優(yōu)化方案。

    Abstract:

    To test the effects of compound application of organic and chemical fertilizers on tea plants, five treatments of compound fertilizer mixed with organic vinegar residue fertilizer and chemical fertilizer were set to study their influence on tea growth, yield and quality, and soil nutrient as well. The treatments were set as organic fertilizer of 100% (100% O), chemical fertilizer of 100% (100% C), 70% O+30% C, 50% O+50% C, 30% O+70% C and no fertilizer as control (CK). The result showed that all the fertilization treatments contributed to tea yield and quality and soil nutrient contents, but the effects varied with different treatments. The treatment of 70% O+30% C was the most significant in yield increase, which was 276.91%, the treatment of 30% O+70% C was the second and the treatment of 50% O+50% C was in the middle; the growth indexes such as the length of new shoot, leaf area, 100 bud weight and bud density, and the quality indexes such as tea polyphenols, amino acid, caffeine and water extract were also the highest when the treatment of 70% O+30% C was applied. The more organic fertilizer was applied, the more alkali-hydro nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were increased in the soil of tea fields, and the treatment of 100% O ranked the first place and the treatment of 70% O+30% C took the second place, between which there was no significant difference. Comprehensive analysis showed that the treatment of 70% O+30% C was optimal and worthy of application in tea fields.

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李萍萍,林永鋒,胡永光.有機肥與化肥配施對茶葉生長和土壤養(yǎng)分的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2015,46(2):64-69. Li Pingping, Lin Yongfeng, Hu Yongguang. Effects of Compound Application of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers on Growth, Quality of Tea Plants and Soil Nutrient[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(2):64-69.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-11-19
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-02-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-02-10
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