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果園風(fēng)送式噴霧機防治效果試驗
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國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計劃(863計劃)資助項目(2012AA101904),、國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(31301687)、江蘇省自然科學(xué)青年基金資助項目(BK20130670)和江蘇省產(chǎn)學(xué)研聯(lián)合創(chuàng)新基金——前瞻性聯(lián)合研究資助項目(BY2013050)


Experiment on Control Effect of Different Pesticide Concentration Using Air-assisted Sprayer
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    摘要:

    為明確風(fēng)送條件下不同農(nóng)藥制劑濃度對病蟲害防治效果的影響,,以蟲口減退率和病情指數(shù)為指標(biāo),,測試2種農(nóng)藥對梨蚜蟲,、梨黑斑病的田間防治效果,;同時利用熒光試劑研究霧滴在冠層內(nèi)的沉積分布,提出適應(yīng)風(fēng)送式施藥的藥液質(zhì)量濃度范圍,。結(jié)果表明:果園風(fēng)送噴霧機行駛速度1m/s,、風(fēng)機轉(zhuǎn)速1200r/min、單側(cè)流量7.2L/min工作條件下,,噴施藥液量為0.24L/棵,,比人工噴施減少藥量33.3%。風(fēng)送式噴施0.4g/L的10%吡蟲啉防治梨蚜蟲,,14d后防效可以達到人工噴施0.8g/L農(nóng)藥防治效果,,藥劑質(zhì)量為0.096g/棵,為人工施藥的1/3,。風(fēng)送式噴霧防治效果隨藥液質(zhì)量濃度增加而提高,。風(fēng)送式噴施0.75g/L,、1.0g/L、1.5g/L 3種質(zhì)量濃度的75%百菌清防治梨黑〖JP2〗斑病,,第14天防效為46.52%,、44.46%、55.63%,,防效均顯著優(yōu)于人工噴施1.0g/L質(zhì)量濃度的農(nóng)藥,。噴施0.75g/L農(nóng)藥的藥劑用量為0.18g/棵,為人工施藥時的1/2,。風(fēng)送式施藥霧滴空間分布情況更好,,可以參考人工作業(yè)減少1/3藥液噴施量,同時適當(dāng)增加藥液質(zhì)量濃度以求達到更好防效,,實際噴施藥劑量建議為人工作業(yè)的1/3~1/2,。

    Abstract:

    To define different effects of several concentrations pesticide for pest prevention under air assisted spraying condition, pest population decline rate and disease index were used to test effects of two kinds pesticide which were applied to pear aphids and pear black spot. Furthermore, the droplets distribution inside the canopy was also analyzed with Brilliant sulfaflavine, and the reasonable range of pesticide concentration for air-assisted spraying application was proposed. The results showed that: the amount of pesticide was 0.24L per tree, which was decreased by 33.3% compared to artificial spraying under the condition that the sprayer speed was 1m/s, the rotary speed of fan was 1200r/min, and the wind flow was 7.2L/min in one side. Compared to artificial spraying, air-assisted spraying application can achieve better control effect with the same quality of pesticides. The distribution of droplets under air-assisted condition was better than traditional way, and the amount of pesticide was suggested 1/3 that of artificial spraying, at the same time, the concentration could be increased properly in order to reach better effect, and the actual pesticide mass was suggested 1/3~1/2 that of artificial spraying.

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邱 威,顧家冰,丁為民,呂曉蘭,孫誠達,陸 江.果園風(fēng)送式噴霧機防治效果試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2015,46(1):94-99. Qiu Wei, Gu Jiabing, Ding Weimin, Lü Xiaolan, Sun Chengda, Lu Jiang. Experiment on Control Effect of Different Pesticide Concentration Using Air-assisted Sprayer[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(1):94-99.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-10-05
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-01-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-01-10
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