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In order to reduce the traction resistance of ditch plow system and analyze the influence of operating speed on ditch plow system, the parameters of plow surface and operating speed were studied. The EDEM model of soil-plow simulation was established. The experiment was made with traction resistance as target and plow blade angle, opening of guiding curves, starting angle of straight-line elements, maximal angle of straight-line elements and operating speed as factors. The simulation results showed that during the range of the experiment, traction resistance decreased when plow blade angle increased while it increased when opening of guiding curves, starting angle of straight-line elements, maximal angle of straight line elements increased, respectively. Traction resistance increased rapidly when operating speed increased. When operating speed ranged from 1.0m/s to 2.0m/s, traction resistance and power consumption became 1.98 times and 3.97 times bigger, respectively. The simulation optimization results indicated that under certain working conditions, when the values of plow blade angle, opening of guiding curves, starting angle of straight-line elements, maximal angle of straight-line elements were 15°, 190mm, 35° and 40° respectively, the minimal value of traction resistance was 24111N, 11.26% less than before. In order to observe the field working performance of optimized plow, the plow were printed by 3D printers and manufactured in the factory, and contrastive experiment was carried out. The results showed that compared with the former, the number of large soil block was smaller and the quality of residual soil was 62.87% less at the bottom of ditch, and the T shape of ditch was more obviously. The research conclusions could provide reference for the future optimization of ditch plow system and operating study of actual field working speed.