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基于GIS/RS的不同土地利用類型重金屬面源污染比較
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高等學校博士學科點專項科研基金資助項目(20120008110033)


Estimation of Heavy Metal Pollution Loads from Non-point Sources Based on GIS/RS
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    摘要:

    針對不同土地利用類型,,采樣測定土壤重金屬質(zhì)量比背景值;基于DEM數(shù)據(jù)和遙感影像數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)合空間信息技術(shù)(GIS/RS),利用RUSLE模型和SCS-CN模型分別核算流域內(nèi)不同土地利用類型的土壤流失量和地表徑流量,在驗證模型準確性的基礎(chǔ)上,估算重金屬非點源污染負荷。研究結(jié)果表明:研究區(qū)域不同土地利用類型的重金屬質(zhì)量比背景值差異較大,,重金屬Cu和Pb在工礦用地、草地和住宅用地的背景值較高,,在有林地的背景值較低,。綜合估算隨2種主要遷移途徑輸出的重金屬面源污染負荷,重金屬Cu總污染負荷量大約為651913kg/a,,重金屬Pb總污染負荷量大約為268004kg/a,。不同土地利用類型中,隨土壤侵蝕輸出的重金屬污染負荷,,以疏林地和草地的貢獻率最大,有林地和水澆地最??;隨地表徑流輸出的重金屬污染負荷,以草地和疏林地的貢獻率最大,,有林地和旱地最小,。

    Abstract:

    Heavy metal pollution caused enormous risks to human health and ecosystem. In this paper, soil heavy metal concentration was determined through sampling from different land use types in the watershed of Binzhou. With DEM data and remote sensing image, the main routes of pollution from non-point sources, i.e., surface runoff and soil erosion of different land use types were estimated based on SCS-CN model and RUSLE model. The precision of the model was validated and analyzed and heavy metal copper (Cu), lead (Pb) pollution loads from non-point sources in the watershed of Yellow River were estimated. The results showed that big differences exited among the soil heavy metal concentration background values from different land use types in the study area: in industrial land, mining land and grassland, the background value of Cu and Pb was high; in woodland, the value was low. The total loads of Cu and Pb was about 651913kg/a and 268004kg/a. The variation ranges of heavy metal pollution loads from soil erosion were large as well: the values in sparse woodland and grassland were the highest; in woodland and irrigable land were the lowest. The value of heavy metal pollution loads from surface runoff also differed greatly: the value in grassland and sparse woodland was much higher than in woodland and dry land. The research could be used for further analyzing the characteristics of the transfer of heavy metals, studying the heavy metal loads from non point source, and adjusting the land use structure reasonably.

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張?zhí)祢?劉 剛,王圣偉.基于GIS/RS的不同土地利用類型重金屬面源污染比較[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2014,45(S1):124-132. Zhang Tianjiao, Liu Gang, Wang Shengwei. Estimation of Heavy Metal Pollution Loads from Non-point Sources Based on GIS/RS[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(S1):124-132.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-06-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-11-15
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