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生物炭對(duì)砂壤土節(jié)水保肥及番茄產(chǎn)量的影響研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(41161038)、教育部留學(xué)回國人員科研啟動(dòng)基金資助項(xiàng)目((2012)940號(hào))和內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)科技廳2013年科技創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(20130425)


Study on the Effects of Biochar on Saving Water, Preserving Fertility and Tomato Yield
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    摘要:

    采用室內(nèi)盆栽試驗(yàn)定量分析方法,研究了砂壤土中施加不同含量生物炭對(duì)土壤節(jié)水保肥及提高番茄產(chǎn)量的影響,。試驗(yàn)共設(shè)5個(gè)處理:不添加生物炭(CK),,每1kg干土加生物炭10g(C10),、20g(C20),、40g(C40)和60g(C60),。結(jié)果表明:施加生物炭處理有利于提高土壤肥力,,其中較高施用量的處理增幅明顯。與CK相比,,C60處理的有機(jī)質(zhì)含量增加560%;C60和C40的堿解氮含量分別增加110%和130%,,速效磷含量增加410%和290%,,速效鉀含量增加290%和150%,。隨著生物炭施用量的增大土壤含水率呈現(xiàn)遞增趨勢(shì),,其中C60較CK提高170%。較高生物炭施用量可以有效增加番茄產(chǎn)量,,C60和C40處理分別比CK提高98%和170%,其中C40處理的產(chǎn)量增幅最大,。相關(guān)分析可知,,水,、肥因素對(duì)番茄產(chǎn)量影響顯著,相關(guān)性超過80%,,通過在砂壤土中施加生物炭可有效提高肥水利用效率,提高番茄產(chǎn)量,。

    Abstract:

    Study on modified sandy loam soil and increased tomato yield by using biochar was conducted through the pot experiment. There were five installed treatments that sandy loam soil (CK), per kilogram sandy loam soil plus 10g of biochar(C10), per kilogram sandy loam soil plus 20g biochar(C20), per kilogram sandy loam soil plus 40g of biochar(C40) ,and per kilogram sandy loam soil plus 60g of biochar(C60).Results show that biochar can improve soil fertility and the effect of higher biochar application is remarkable. Compared with CK, the content of organic matter in treatment C60 increased by 560%. In treatments C60 and C40, both available N increases by 290% and 150% respectively; both available P increases by 410% and 290%, and both available K increases by 290% and 150% respectively. Soil water content in treatment C60 is 170% higher than CK. Using biochar can effectively improve tomato yield. Comparing with CK treatment, tomato yield increases 98% and 170% in treatments C60 and C40, respectively, and the largest increase is in treatment C40.Through correlation analysis, water and fertilizer are important factors affecting tomato yield, and correlation is more than 80%. In order to make full use of existing resources, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, save water resources, improve agricultural land, water and ecological environment, application of biochar technology is a new idea.

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勾芒芒,屈忠義,楊曉,張棟梁.生物炭對(duì)砂壤土節(jié)水保肥及番茄產(chǎn)量的影響研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2014,45(1):137-142. Gou Mangmang, Qu Zhongyi, Yang Xiao, Zhang Dongliang. Study on the Effects of Biochar on Saving Water, Preserving Fertility and Tomato Yield[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(1):137-142.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-05-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-01-03
  • 出版日期: 2014-01-03
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