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地上部與地下部作用對玉米/大豆間作優(yōu)勢的影響
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“十二五”國家科技支撐計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2011BAD29B09),、高等學(xué)校學(xué)科創(chuàng)新引智計(jì)劃(111計(jì)劃)資助項(xiàng)目(B12007),、西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)青年學(xué)術(shù)骨干項(xiàng)目,、基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)資助項(xiàng)目和旱區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)共性節(jié)水技術(shù)集成與示范項(xiàng)目(K303021301)


Effect of Above-and Below-Ground Interactions on Maize/Soybean Intercropping Advantage
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    摘要:

    通過對不同分隔方式下玉米/大豆間作的養(yǎng)分吸收量,、光合參數(shù)與產(chǎn)量等的測定,,分析地上部和地下部的資源競爭作用,。試驗(yàn)設(shè)置4種間作分隔方式和2種單作處理:地上地下均不分隔(T1),,地上地下均分隔(T2),,僅地下分隔(T3),,僅地上分隔(T4),,單作玉米(T5)與單作大豆(T6)。結(jié)果表明,,對于籽粒產(chǎn)量和生物學(xué)產(chǎn)量的土地當(dāng)量比,,T1為1.23和1.20,T2為0.97和0.91,,T3為1.01和1.02 ,,T4為1.10和1.08。玉米相對大豆的資源競爭能力,,T1為0.79,,T2為-0.08,T3為0.14,,T4為0.39,。玉米相對大豆的氮、磷,、鉀營養(yǎng)競爭比率,,T1為1.63、1.92和1.50,,T2為1.05,、1.03和1.06,T3為1.28,、1.32和1.27,,T4為1.47、1.43和1.36,。除拔節(jié)期外,T1玉米的凈光合速率Pn,、蒸騰速率Tr,、氣孔導(dǎo)度Gs與細(xì)胞間隙CO2濃度Ci最高,;T4略低于T1,但差異不顯著,;T2和T3均顯著低于T1,;除分枝期外,T1大豆的Pn,、Tr,、Gs與Ci最低;T4略高于T1,;T2和T3均顯著高于T1,。綜上所述,對于玉米/大豆的間作優(yōu)勢而言,,地上部與地下部的相互作用大于單一因素的作用,,其次,地下部作用大于地上部作用,。

    Abstract:

    The nutrient uptake, photosynthesis and yield of different separation methods were measured to analyze resource competition from above-and below-ground interaction. The treatments included no shoot or root separation (T1), shoot and root separation (T2), root separation (T3), shoot separation (T4), sole maize (T5) and soybean (T6). The land equivalent ratios of grain yield and biomass were 1.23 and 1.20 for T1, 0.97 and 0.91 for T2, 1.01 and 1.02 for T3, 1.10 and 1.08 for T4, respectively. Competiveness of maize relative to soybean was 0.79 for T1, -0.08 for T2, 0.14 for T3 and 0.39 for T4, respectively. The nutrient competitive ratios of maize relative to soybean were 1.63, 1.92 and 1.50 for T1; 1.05, 1.03 and 1.06 for T2; 1.28, 1.32 and 1.27 for T3; 1.47, 1.43 and 1.36 for T4, respectively. Except the jointing stage, the Pn, Tr, Gs and Ci of maize were the highest for T1; and the values for T4 were the second; and the values for T2 and T3 were remarkable lower than that for T1. Except the branching stage, the parameters of soybean were the lowest for T1, and the values for T2 and T3 were significantly higher than that for T1. In summary, as for maize/soybean intercropping advantages, the interactions of above- and below-ground parts was greater than that under the action of a single factor, and there was greater role from below-ground part than above-ground part.

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呂越,吳普特,陳小莉,王玉寶,趙西寧.地上部與地下部作用對玉米/大豆間作優(yōu)勢的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2014,45(1):129-136,142. Lü Yue, Wu Pute, Chen Xiaoli, Wang Yubao, Zhao Xining. Effect of Above-and Below-Ground Interactions on Maize/Soybean Intercropping Advantage[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(1):129-136,142.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-07-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-01-03
  • 出版日期: 2014-01-03
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