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油菜小麥兼用型氣力式精量排種器
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國家自然科學基金資助項目(51275197)、“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃資助項目(2010BAD01B06),、國家油菜產業(yè)技術體系專項資助項目(CARS-13)和中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務費資助項目(2011PY021)


Design of Dual-purpose Pneumatic Precision Metering Device for Rape and Wheat
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    摘要:

    長江流域油菜與小麥播種期相鄰,,為提高播種機具的利用率,設計了一種油菜小麥兼用型氣力式精量排種器,,提出了一種小麥排種盤內表面嵌入導種條以提高充種率的新型結構,。確定了該排種器的工作原理及其主要結構與性能參數(shù),試驗研究了排種性能指標與排種盤轉速,、吸種區(qū)負壓,、投種區(qū)正壓的關系。試驗結果表明:該排種器能滿足油菜和小麥兼用排種的功能,;在小麥排種盤內表面嵌入導種條可使平均合格指數(shù)相對提高27.31%,,平均漏播指數(shù)相對降低25.86%;當排種器轉速,、吸種區(qū)負壓,、投種區(qū)正壓分別為18r/min、-2200Pa,、400Pa時,,油菜精量播種合格指數(shù)為90.02%,漏播指數(shù)為2.59%,;當排種器轉速,、吸種區(qū)負壓分別為15r/min、-2300Pa時,,小麥精量播種合格指數(shù)為90.62%,,漏播指數(shù)為2.96%。田間試驗表明:該排種器播種精度高,,可滿足油菜和小麥種植農藝要求,。

    Abstract:

    To improve the use efficiency of seeder,a pneumatic precision metering device for rapeseed and wheat was designed in view of the adjacency of sowing time of rape and wheat in Yangtze river valley,,and a new kind of structure of wheat seeding plate with seed guiding strips inlaid was presented. The working principle,,main structure and performance parameters of the pneumatic metering seeder were analyzed and determined; experimental study on the relationships between main performance indices and rotating speed of seeding plate,negative pressure in sucking chamber and positive pressure in releasing chamber were carried out. The test indicated that the device works well with both rapeseed and wheat seed; the wheat seeding plate inlaid with guiding strips enhances wheat quality index by 27.31% and reduces missing index by 25.86%; for precision sowing rapeseed,,when the rotating speed of seeding plate is 18r/min,,negative pressure, positive pressure,,the quality index and the missing index 〖JP3〗are -2200Pa, 400Pa, 90.02% and 2.59%, respectively; for precision sowing wheat seed, when the rotating speed of seeding plate is 15r/min,,negative pressure,the quality index of single row and the missing index are -2300Pa, 90.62% and 2.96%, respectively. And the test in field indicated that the device is provided with highmetering accurateness and meets agronomic requirement of planting rapeseed and wheat.

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叢錦玲,余佳佳,曹秀英,廖宜濤,廖慶喜.油菜小麥兼用型氣力式精量排種器[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2014,45(1):46-52. Cong Jinling, Yu Jiajia, Cao Xiuying, Liao Yitao, Liao Qingxi. Design of Dual-purpose Pneumatic Precision Metering Device for Rape and Wheat[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(1):46-52.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-07-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-01-03
  • 出版日期: 2014-01-03
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