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綠洲膜下滴灌調(diào)虧馬鈴薯光合生理特性與水分利用
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甘肅省高等學(xué)?；究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)資助項(xiàng)目（2012）和甘肅省干旱生境作物學(xué)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室開放基金資助項(xiàng)目（2010）


Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics and Water Use of Potato with Mulched Drip Irrigation under Water Deficit in Oasis Region
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    通過大田試驗(yàn)研究了調(diào)虧灌溉對綠洲膜下滴灌馬鈴薯各項(xiàng)光合生理指標(biāo),、產(chǎn)量和水分利用的影響,。結(jié)果表明：不同生育期水分調(diào)虧均可引起馬鈴薯葉片光合速率,、蒸騰速率和氣孔導(dǎo)度降低,，復(fù)水后光合速率變化不大,，蒸騰速率和氣孔導(dǎo)度則均有所增大,。塊莖形成期輕度調(diào)虧馬鈴薯產(chǎn)量不會(huì)降低,，而塊莖形成期中度調(diào)虧,、塊莖膨大期輕度和中度調(diào)虧馬鈴薯產(chǎn)量則顯著（p＜0.05）降低。馬鈴薯不同生育階段耗水量受水分調(diào)虧影響較大,，調(diào)虧程度越大耗水量減少越顯著,，所有水分調(diào)虧馬鈴薯全生育期耗水量均顯著低于充分供水。塊莖形成期水分輕度調(diào)虧馬鈴薯水分利用效率最高,，比塊莖膨大期中度調(diào)虧,、淀粉積累期輕度調(diào)虧和全生育期充分供水分別提高36.2%、32.4%和14.2%,。因此,，膜下滴灌調(diào)虧可降低馬鈴薯光合速率、蒸騰速率,、氣孔導(dǎo)度和耗水量,，促進(jìn)水分利用效率提高,，且塊莖形成期輕度調(diào)虧不會(huì)降低馬鈴薯產(chǎn)量,。

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    A field experiment was conducted to test the effect of mulched drip irrigation under water deficit regulation (WDR) on leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs), tuber yield and potato water use in oasis irrigation region. The results showed that Pn , Tr and Gs were reduced by WDR during different potato growth stages. No obvious difference was found in Pn before and after re-watering of potato, but Tr and Gs were obviously improved. Potato yield was not decreased by low WDR during tuber initiation, but was significantly (p＜0.05) decreased in the medium WDR plots during tuber initiation and low and medium WDR plots during tuber bulking. Periodic water consumption of potato was greatly affected by WDR, and the higher soil water deficit, the less potato periodic water consumption. In addition, the total water consumption throughout the whole growing season was significantly lower in all the WDR potatoes than that in full irrigation plots (CK). The highest water use efficiency (WUE) was maintained in low WDR potato during tuber initiation, significantly improved by 36.2%, 32.4% and 14.2% than that in medium WDR plots during tuber bulking, low WDR plots during potato starch accumulation and CK, respectively. Therefore, mulched drip irrigation under WDR may reduce Pn, Tr, Gs, and periodic and total water consumption of potato, but its WUE can be greatly improved. In addition, potato yield will not be reduced by mulched drip irrigation under low WDR during tuber initiation.

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張恒嘉,李晶.綠洲膜下滴灌調(diào)虧馬鈴薯光合生理特性與水分利用[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2013,44(10):143-151. Zhang Hengjia, Li Jing. Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics and Water Use of Potato with Mulched Drip Irrigation under Water Deficit in Oasis Region[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(10):143-151.

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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2013-10-14
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