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設(shè)施灌溉條件下不同次生鹽漬化土壤鹽分離子遷移特征
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國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(40901138)


Effects of Salt Ions Transport on Different Levels of Secondary Salinization Soil under Greenhouse Irrigation
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    摘要:

    通過在設(shè)施灌溉條件下的室內(nèi)土柱模擬試驗(yàn),,研究了灌水對不同次生鹽漬化水平設(shè)施土壤鹽分離子遷移特征的影響。結(jié)果表明:Ca2+與NO-3在灌水后5~15d表現(xiàn)出隨時間的推移剖面分布呈“雙峰”特性,,隨著次生鹽漬化水平的升高,,Ca2+與NO-3淋洗速度變慢同時其返鹽時間也較遲。地下水對K+遷移影響不顯著,,使得K+在灌水后剖面分布呈“單峰”特性,,SO2-4在所有次生鹽漬化水平下一次性灌水很難將其淋洗出耕層。從環(huán)境因素看,,Ca2+在土層的表層和底層以及灌水后期都表現(xiàn)出與水分和溫度較好的耦合效應(yīng),,并且兩者對Ca2+運(yùn)移具有協(xié)同作用,。K+在0~20 cm土層運(yùn)移主要受水分的影響,而30~50 cm土層主要受溫度的影響,,從灌水時間看,,在灌水后5~15 d內(nèi)主要受溫度影響,而灌水20 d后主要受水分影響,。NO-3和SO2-4不論從土層還是時間看主要受水分的影響較大,。

    Abstract:

    The salt ions distribution at different levels of secondary salinization of greenhouse soil under the same irrigation was investigated through soil columns in lab. The results were as follows: Ca2+ and NO-3 were showed “double peaks” feature on the distribution profile in the irrigation of 5~15 d. With the increased level of secondary salinization, Ca2+ and NO-3 were leached more slowly while the return of salt time later. Migration of groundwater on the K + had no significant effect. The K+ ions showed a “single peak” feature on the distribution profile after irrigation. The SO2-4 was difficult to be leached out of topsoil under all the degree of secondary salinzation. Factors from the environmental perspective, Ca2+ in the soil surface and bottom were prominent with a good coupling effect of air temperature, soil moisture content and soil salt content, and both of the Ca2+ transport had a synergistic effect. K+ transport in 0~20cm soil layers affected mainly by water, while the 30~50cm soil layers mainly influenced by temperature, the time from the irrigation point of view, in 5~15 d after irrigation affected by temperature, but after 20 d affected mainly by water, while the 30~50cm soil layer mainly influenced by temperature, the time from the irrigation point of view, in 5~15 d after irrigation affected by temperature, but 20 d after irrigation affected mainly by water. Whether from the soil or the time, NO-3 and SO2-4 transport was influenced mainly by water.

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李衛(wèi),鄭子成,李廷軒,余海英,曾禮.設(shè)施灌溉條件下不同次生鹽漬化土壤鹽分離子遷移特征[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2011,42(5):92-99. Li Wei, Zheng Zicheng, Li Tingxuan, Yu Haiying, Zeng Li. Effects of Salt Ions Transport on Different Levels of Secondary Salinization Soil under Greenhouse Irrigation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2011,42(5):92-99.

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