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秸稈供應(yīng)成本分析研究
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國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計劃(863計劃)資助項目(2009AA05Z434);中國科學(xué)院創(chuàng)新方向項目(KGCX2—YW—329)


Cost Analysis of Crop Residue Supplies
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    摘要:

    秸稈電廠原料供應(yīng)包括田間收集,、運輸、裝卸、預(yù)處理和儲存子過程,,本文在各子過程成本計算的基礎(chǔ)上,,把原料供應(yīng)分成5種模式進行成本分析:中心料場直接收集散料模式,、中心料場破碎收集模式,、收儲站破碎收集模式,、收儲站打包模式和成型顆粒模式,。結(jié)果表明:成本從低到高依次為中心料場破碎收集模式,、收儲站破碎收集模式、收儲站打包模式和成型顆粒模式,。中心料場直接收集散料模式的成本則在到廠運輸距離不長時最低,,但受距離的影響也最大,當(dāng)距離分別大于16,、28和69km時超過中心料場破碎收集模式,、收儲站破碎收集模式和收儲站打包模式,。成型顆粒模式關(guān)鍵在于降低制粒能耗。打包模式中打包處理降低的運輸成本還不能很有效地補償打包和裝卸環(huán)節(jié)增加的成本,。除成型顆粒外的其他4種模式,,都是購買成本最高,然后是運輸成本和田間收集裝車成本,。

    Abstract:

    Supply cost of crop residues for power plants was analysed. The supply chain includes five sub-processes, i.e. field collection, transportation, handling, pretreatment and storage. Five supply patterns were set up based on the differences in sub-processes, including bulk material pattern, centralized-storage chopping pattern, distributed-storage chopping pattern, baling pattern and pelleting pattern. The results show that, under specific conditions, the cost of the pelleting pattern is always the highest due to its high pelleting cost, followed by the baling pattern, the distributed-storage chopping pattern, and the centralized-storage chopping pattern in sequence. The bulk material pattern takes priority over the other three patterns when transportation distance is smaller than 69km, 28km and 16km respectively. The baling pattern needs improving since the cost reduction in transportation process can not effectively offset the cost increase in baling and handling processes. For all patterns except pelleting, purchase cost accounted for the largest proportion, followed by transportation cost and field collection cost.

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劉華財,陰秀麗,吳創(chuàng)之.秸稈供應(yīng)成本分析研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2011,42(1):106-112. Liu Huacai, Yin Xiuli, Wu Chuangzhi. Cost Analysis of Crop Residue Supplies[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2011,42(1):106-112.

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