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混流式水泵水輪機全特性曲線S形區(qū)流動特性
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國家自然科學基金資助項目 (50879036,、50879088);清華大學水沙科學與水利水電工程國家重點實驗室統(tǒng)籌研究資助項目（2009T3）


Flow of Pump-turbine on S-shaped Region of Complete Characteristics
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    摘要:

    混流式水泵水輪機轉(zhuǎn)輪的離心效應較混流式水輪機明顯,，形成了全特性曲線上的S形特性,。該S形區(qū)水泵水輪機流道內(nèi)流動狀況很不穩(wěn)定,，為了詳細了解該區(qū)域的流動特性,，選取等開度下水輪機工況,、水輪機飛逸工況,、零流量附近水輪機制動工況,、零流量附近反水泵工況以及反水泵工況等5個工況點進行全流道定常流和非定常流數(shù)值分析。定常流動分析表明：全特性曲線上的S形區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)輪和導葉流道內(nèi)存在大量的渦,，消耗了大量的水能,，致使機組輸出功率很小。非定常流場計算表明：在S形過渡工況區(qū),，蝸殼與尾水管直錐段內(nèi)的壓力脈動頻率與幅值均相近,，且幅值?。欢鴮~至葉片的無葉區(qū)和葉片進口的壓力脈動幅值高,，主要為高頻脈動,。

    Abstract:

    The S-shaped region of complete characteristics on pump-turbine is caused by centrifugal force larger than common hydraulic turbine. The flow on that S-shaped region is very much unsteady. In order to obtain the flow on that region, the steady and unsteady simulations were analyzed on turbine, turbine runaway, turbine brake near no-discharge, anti-pump near no-discharge and anti-pump operation conditions which run on S-shaped curve. The results showed that much large eddy existed in vanes and runner. That eddy wasted much water energy and reduced turbine output. Through the unsteady simulation of S-shaped curve, it is found that the pressure pulsation frequency and amplitude in spiral casing and cone of draft tube are similar and the amplitude is small. The pressure pulsation amplitude on guide vanes and blade inlet are high, and those frequencies are also high. Those simulations are always used to know the essence of S-shaped region and reduce the unsteady characteristics. 

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張?zhí)m金,王正偉,常近時.混流式水泵水輪機全特性曲線S形區(qū)流動特性[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2011,42(1):39-43，73. Zhang Lanjin, Wang Zhengwei, Chang Jinshi. Flow of Pump-turbine on S-shaped Region of Complete Characteristics[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2011,42(1):39-43,，73.

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