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預(yù)處理對(duì)油菜籽微觀結(jié)構(gòu)的影響
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Effect of Pretreatment on Ultra-structure of Rapeseed
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    研究預(yù)處理對(duì)油菜籽細(xì)胞超顯微結(jié)構(gòu)以及油脂在細(xì)胞中存在狀態(tài)的影響,。以油菜籽為原料,，借助透射電鏡觀察軋胚,、蒸炒,、膨化,、壓榨等預(yù)處理方式下的油菜籽細(xì)胞微觀結(jié)構(gòu),。研究表明,，軋胚使油菜籽細(xì)胞受到明顯擠壓,，由圓形變?yōu)闄E圓形,，并且細(xì)胞壁部分被破壞,，少量脂滴聚集；蒸炒使細(xì)胞壁部分破裂且油脂的顯微分散狀態(tài)被破壞,，由細(xì)小狀態(tài)聚集成較大的油滴,；膨化使細(xì)胞壁徹底破壞，細(xì)胞質(zhì)被完全擠出,，油脂由細(xì)小的油滴聚集成較大的油滴,，且充分外露,；壓榨使絕大部分油脂被擠出，細(xì)胞形態(tài)及細(xì)胞壁被破壞,。結(jié)果表明,，膨化較蒸炒更易破壞油菜籽細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)，有利于油菜籽制油,。

    Abstract:

    The effects of pretreatment process on the micro-structure of rapeseed and the presence state of rapeseed oil in cells were researched. The cell ultra-structures of rapeseed after flaking, cooking, expanding and pressing were analyzed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Rapeseed cell was extruded obviously by flaking process and it turned from circle shape to ellipse shape. After flaking the cell wall was partly broken and a few lipid droplets were gathered together. A few cell wall was destroyed and some lipid droplets came closely and agglomerated into larger particles by cooking. Cell wall was destroyed totally and the cytoplasm was extruded out by expanding. Most lipid droplets came close enough to agglomerate into larger particles and fully leaked out by expanding. The shape and structure of rapeseed cell were devastated by pressing. It was showed that expanding was more suitable for broking the structure of the cell than cooking and it would be the best way for oil making.

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李少華,李樹君,任嘉嘉,李子明,相海,郭金強(qiáng).預(yù)處理對(duì)油菜籽微觀結(jié)構(gòu)的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2010,41(Z1):208-211.Effect of Pretreatment on Ultra-structure of Rapeseed[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2010,41(Z1):208-211.

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