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土壤質(zhì)地對地下滴灌灌水器水力要素的影
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of Different Textural Soils on Hydraulic Characteristics of Emitters under Subsurface Drip Irrigation
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    摘要:

    為研究不同質(zhì)地土壤中灌水器水力要素的變化規(guī)律及其差異,選取灌水器工作壓力,、土壤容重和土壤初始含水率為因素,,分別在粘土,、壤土和砂土中采用混合水平均勻設(shè)計安排試驗,。試驗結(jié)果表明,,不同土壤中的灌水器出流規(guī)律一致:即當工作壓力不變時,,灌水器流量在灌水初期略大,,而后減小并趨于恒定,這個變化過程僅1~2min,;在相同壓力下,,地下滴灌灌水器流量比地表滴灌小5%~20%,壓力越大,,二者越接近,;灌水器流量隨工作壓力的增加而增大;土壤因素對灌水器流量有微弱的制約作用,,使流量減小,。相同條件下,土壤質(zhì)地越輕,,灌水器流量越大,;但隨著土壤容重和土壤初始含水率的增加,,土壤質(zhì)地越輕,流量減小程度越大,。

    Abstract:

    In order to study hydraulic characteristics and their differences of SDI emitter in various textural soils and to analyze effect of soil factors on emitter discharge, the experimental scheme was arranged in the clay, loam and sand soil based on uniform design with mixed levels of three factors that were respectively work pressure of emitter, soil bulk density and soil initial water content. The results show that the rules of emitter discharges in three textural soils are the same. The discharge of SDI emitter is slightly big at the beginning of irrigation, but it is reduced and tends to be constant after 1~2min when work pressure remains invariable. At the same work pressure, the discharge of SDI emitter is smaller about 5~20 percent than that of DI emitter. The work pressure is higher, and the discharge of SDI emitter is bigger, and the discharge of both SDI and DI are closer. Soil factors slightly restrict emitter discharge. The lighter textured soil it is, the bigger emitter discharge will be. But discharge reduction of emitter in three textural soils with increase of soil bulk density or soil initial water content is bigger in sandy soil, smaller in loam soil and smallest in clay soil. 

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李剛,白丹,王曉愚,付嘉.土壤質(zhì)地對地下滴灌灌水器水力要素的影[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2009,40(2):58-62. of Different Textural Soils on Hydraulic Characteristics of Emitters under Subsurface Drip Irrigation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2009,40(2):58-62.

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