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基于反射光譜特性的土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量測(cè)定儀設(shè)計(jì)
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    摘要:

    闡述了利用有機(jī)質(zhì)的反射光譜特性對(duì)土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量進(jìn)行測(cè)定的原理及方法。對(duì)儀器的總體方案,、光路系統(tǒng)及儀器的硬件和軟件進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)。為了減小測(cè)量誤差,、提高儀器總體性能,光路系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)中在前人采用單一波長(zhǎng)的光信號(hào)為變量的基礎(chǔ)上增加了另外兩路光信號(hào)以反映土壤中胡富比(胡敏酸和富啡酸含量之比)的變化,;采用了偏最小二乘回歸的數(shù)據(jù)處理方法來消除模型中變量間極有可能存在的多重相關(guān)性,;在試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)中通過增加土壤分類功能,采取了對(duì)土壤先分類后建模以及與合適的土樣預(yù)處理相結(jié)合的方法降低了土壤質(zhì)地對(duì)有機(jī)質(zhì)測(cè)量的影響,。試驗(yàn)表明,,儀器測(cè)試結(jié)果與常規(guī)的有機(jī)質(zhì)含量測(cè)量法對(duì)比,其精度達(dá)到了土樣有機(jī)質(zhì)含量速測(cè)的要求,。

    Abstract:

    The principles and methods were introduced for measuring soil organic matter content with the aid of spectrum data diffusely reflected by the soil. The arrangement scheme, light system, hardware and software were carefully designed. In order to decrease the measurement errors, two other signals from different wavelengths of light were used for including the variation of the soil H/F value (the ratio of humic acid to fulvic acid), not as the pioneers only used one wavelength of light; beside sieving the soil samples, a comprehensive procedure was used——soil types were discriminated first and then the predicting model was built with the aid of partial least-squares regression method which was robust to the multi-collinearity among the variables . As a result, a better light system and a predicting model between soil organic matter and the reflected spectrum data were developed. The result showed that compared the errors of the measurements gained by this system with those by the standard methods, the precise of this system is within the permissible range in real operation.

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李晉陽,左月明,張軍.基于反射光譜特性的土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量測(cè)定儀設(shè)計(jì)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2007,38(8):116-119.[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2007,38(8):116-119.

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